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Injection GranulomasIntramuscle or Intrafat?
Nogah Haramati, MD;
Roxanne Lorans;
Michael Lutwin;
Ronald N. Kaleya, MD
Arch Fam Med. 1994;3(2):146-148.
References Article references have been provided for searching and linking. Additional reference information may be available in the article PDF.
1. Cockshott WP, Thompson GT, Howlett LJ, Seeley ET. Intramuscular or intralipomatous injection? N Engl J Med. 1982;307:356-358.
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2. Benet LZ, Mitchell JR, Sheiner LB. Pharmacokinetics: the dynamics of drug absorption, distribution, and elimination. In: Gilman AG, Rall TW, Nies AS, Taylor P, eds. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 8th ed. Elmsford, NY: Pergamon Press Inc; 1990:3-32. 3. Michaels L, Path MC, Poole RW. Injection granuloma of the buttock. Can Med Assoc J. 1970:102:626-628.
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4. Keats TE. Post-injection calcification of the deltoid muscle. J Can Assoc Radiol. 1978;29:165-166.
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5. Orell SR. Subcutaneous granulomata following inoculation of influenza vaccine. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1962;56:127-134.
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6. Miliauskas JR, Mukherjee T. Postimmunization (vaccination) injection-site reactions. Am J Surg Pathol. 1993;17:516-524.
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7. McClure J. The production of heterotopic calcification by certain chemical salts. J Pathol. 1980;131:21-33.
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8. Fawcett HA, Smith NP. Injection-site granuloma due to aluminum. Arch Dermatol. 1984;120:1318-1322.
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9. Erdohazi M, Newman RL. Aluminum hydroxide granuloma. BMJ. 1971;3:621-623.
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10. Goto N, Akama K. Histopathological studies of reactions in mice injected with aluminum-adsorbed tetanus toxoid. Microbiol Immunol. 1982;26:1121-1132.
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11. Frost L, Johansen P, Pedersen S, Veien N, Ostergaard PA, Nielsen MH. Persistent subcutaneous nodules in children hyposensitized with aluminum-containing allergen extracts. Allergy. 1985;40:368-372.
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12. Slater DN, Underwood JCE, Durrant TE, Gray T, Hopper IP. Aluminum hydroxide granulomas: light and electron microscopic studies and x-ray microanalysis. Br J Dermatol. 1982;107:103-108.
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13. Butler NR, Voyce MA, Burland WL, Hilton ML. Advantages of aluminum hydroxide adsorbed combined diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines for the immunization of infants. BMJ. 1969;1:663-666.
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14. Gray JE. Local histologic changes following long-term intramuscular injections. Arch Pathol. 1967:84:522-527.
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