Environmental-Economic Modeling With Semantic Insufficiency and Factual Uncertainty

Konstantinos Bithas
Peter Nijkamp

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DOI: 10.2190/0G88-360B-M9X1-W6M9

Abstract

The present article presents an attempt at modeling an environmental-economic system when neither the semantic knowledge nor the statistical data are sufficient. For these cases the study introduces a new methodology of creating observations based on the knowledge of a selected interdisciplinary group of experts/scientists. This procedure as well as the processing of these "artificial observations" are systematically presented in the article. the application field and the limitations of the method are also discussed, followed by the presentation of an empirical illustration regarding water quality management.

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