The Emergence of Behavioral Pharmacology

The preeminence of schedule over reward system in affecting behavior. Behavioral performances of squirrel monkeys maintained under reward by food presentation (S1) or by the termination of a stimulus correlated with the delivery of electric shock (S26). The schedules were FI and FR, as in Figures 1 and 2, with each experimental session beginning with the FI component; the FR schedule is shown by the smaller spikes in the cumulative record and alternates with the FI schedules. Note that the performances maintained by the different events do not differ, nor do the effects of chlorpromazine or amphetamine under these schedules (see text), indicating that the type of reinforcer and the presumed underlying emotional state correlated with these events do not influence the qualitative effects of the drugs. (TO, time-out). From (15) .