Is Smoking an Indication for Prenatal Ultrasonography?
Michael L. LeFevre, MD, MSPH;
Joni K. Evans, MS;
Bernard Ewigman, MD, MSPH;
RADIUS Study Group
Arch Fam Med. 1995;4(2):120-123.
Abstract
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Objective
To evaluate whether ultrasound screening during pregnancy decreases the frequency of smoking in women who present with a history of smoking.
Design
The Routine Antenatal Diagnostic Imaging with Ultrasound Study was a multicenter, randomized clinical trial of ultrasound screening during pregnancy. We obtained information on smoking habits during pregnancy from birth certificate records for the subset of women who were delivered of a neonate in Missouri hospitals, and determined the effect of ultrasound screening on smoking habits during pregnancy.
Setting
The study was conducted in multiple practices in six states.
Participants
Women who registered for prenatal care at participating practices.
Intervention
Women in the screened group were routinely scheduled for ultrasound screening at 16 to 22 weeks' gestation and at 31 to 35 weeks' gestation. Those in the control group received ultrasound screening only for medical indications, as determined by their physicians.
Main Outcome Measure
Smoking habits were measured by the number of cigarettes smoked per day.
Results
There was no difference in the rates of smoking cessation between the screened group and the control group. For those who continued smoking, the mean number of cigarettes smoked per day, as reported at the time of delivery, was slightly higher in the screened group.
Conclusion
Ultrasound screening does not reduce the frequency of smoking during pregnancy.
Author Affiliations
From the Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia (Drs LeFevre and Ewigman), and The Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, Md (Ms Evans). Members of the RADIUS Study Group are listed in a box on page 122.
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