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		<PublisherName>Baywood Publishing Company</PublisherName>
	</PublisherInfo>
	<Journal>
		<JournalInfo JournalType="Journals">
			<JournalPrintISSN>0047-2433</JournalPrintISSN>
			<JournalElectronicISSN>1541-3802</JournalElectronicISSN>
			<JournalTitle>Journal of Environmental Systems</JournalTitle>
			<JournalCode>BWES</JournalCode>
			<JournalID>300323</JournalID>
			<JournalURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=journal&amp;id=300323</JournalURL>
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		<Volume>
			<VolumeInfo>
				<VolumeNumber>14</VolumeNumber>
			</VolumeInfo>
			<Issue>
				<IssueInfo IssueType="Regular">
					<IssueNumberBegin>2</IssueNumberBegin>
					<IssueNumberEnd>2</IssueNumberEnd>
					<IssueSupplement>0</IssueSupplement>
					<IssuePartStart>0</IssuePartStart>
					<IssuePartEnd>0</IssuePartEnd>
					<IssueSequence>000014000219840101</IssueSequence>
					<IssuePublicationDate>
						<CoverDate Year="1984" Month="1" Day="1"/>
						<CoverDisplay>Number 2 / 1984-85</CoverDisplay>
					</IssuePublicationDate>
					<IssueID>UBDYNFUMAHND</IssueID>
					<IssueURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=issue&amp;id=UBDYNFUMAHND</IssueURL>
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				<Article ArticleType="Original">
					<ArticleInfo Free="No" ESM="No">
						<ArticleDOI>10.2190/69NT-3WMR-MPBX-XPN9</ArticleDOI>
						<ArticlePII>69NT3WMRMPBXXPN9</ArticlePII>
						<ArticleSequenceNumber>3</ArticleSequenceNumber>
						<ArticleTitle Language="En">Economics of Downward Revision of Environmental Standards and Actions</ArticleTitle>
						<ArticleFirstPage>127</ArticleFirstPage>
						<ArticleLastPage>135</ArticleLastPage>
						<ArticleHistory>
							<RegistrationDate>20020509</RegistrationDate>
							<ReceivedDate>20020509</ReceivedDate>
							<Accepted>20020509</Accepted>
							<OnlineDate>20020509</OnlineDate>
						</ArticleHistory>
						<FullTextFileName>69NT3WMRMPBXXPN9.pdf</FullTextFileName>
						<FullTextURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&amp;id=69NT3WMRMPBXXPN9</FullTextURL>
						<Composite>2</Composite>
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					<ArticleHeader>
						<AuthorGroup>
							<Author AffiliationID="A1">
								<GivenName>Donald</GivenName>
								<Initials>E.</Initials>
								<FamilyName>Agthe</FamilyName>
								<Degrees/>
								<Roles/>
							</Author>
							<Affiliation AFFID="A1">
								<OrgDivision/>
								<OrgName>Economics University of Nevada, Reno</OrgName>
								<OrgAddress/>
							</Affiliation>
						</AuthorGroup>
						<Abstract Language="En">This article examines the theoretical ramifications of a downward revision of environmental standards or actions. It points out that firms complying with earlier standards make capital commitments based on the higher standard. Since the earlier standard is the only signal the firm has in its planning process, the issue is raised, but not resolved, of whether the earlier standard represents an implicit contract between society and the firm. If so, this might imply compensation is needed for the firms unrecoverable capital expenditures. It is also pointed out that society may also bear some of the lost capital cost. Lastly, the article considers the advantage gained by firms that did comply with the earlier regulation.</Abstract>
						<biblist>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="1">J. H. Dales, &lt;i&gt;Pollution, Property, and Prices&lt;/i&gt;, University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Canada, 1968.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="2">&lt;i&gt;Kissimmee River Survey Review&lt;/i&gt;, Coordinating Council on the Restoration of the Kissimmee River Valley and Taylor Creek-Nubbin Slough Basin, Tallahassee, Florida, August 1983.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="3">D. E. Agthe and P. F. Roden, A Note on Factors Influencing Pollution Abatement Outlays and Financing, &lt;i&gt;Business and Economic Perspectives&lt;/i&gt;, Spring 1979.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="4">P. B. Pashigan, How Large and Small Plants Fare Under Environmental Regulation, &lt;i&gt;Regulation&lt;/i&gt;, p. 19, September/October 1983.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="5">N. Kaldor, Welfare Propositions in Economics, &lt;i&gt;The Economic Journal, 49&lt;/i&gt;, p. 549, 1939.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="6">J. R. Hicks, The Foundations of Welfare Economics, &lt;i&gt;The Economic Journal, 48&lt;/i&gt;, p. 706, 1939.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="7">W. J. Baumol, &lt;i&gt;Welfare Economics and the Theory of the State&lt;/i&gt;, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1965.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="8">R. S. Whitley and D. E. Agthe, John Rawls and Benefit — Cost Analysis, &lt;i&gt;The Forum for Social Economics&lt;/i&gt;, p. 67, Fall/Winter 1983.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
						</biblist>
					</ArticleHeader>
				</Article>
			</Issue>
		</Volume>
	</Journal>
</Publisher>
