10.2190/9PFN-4120-PG4D-EDEY 9PFN4120PG4DEDEY 4 Land Environments of Water Resource Management 291 312 20020509 20020509 20020509 20020509 9PFN4120PG4DEDEY.pdf http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&id=9PFN4120PG4DEDEY 3 Bruce K. Ferguson School of Environmental Design, University of Georgia, Athens This article attempts to look across a broad range of hydrologic disciplines in order to compare the types of hydrologic phenomena and processes that occur in different types of land environments, and to develop a conceptual framework for basic hydrologic classification of land. It emphasizes the qualitative types of hydrologic processes that may occur in the landscape, rather than quantitative rates of flow. The framework was developed by reclassifying physiographic landforms according to hydrologic characteristics, and examining different landform types in photographs and on the ground. The framework is based around landform, hydroclimate, and regional aquifers and rivers. Landforms are characterized as hydrologically "positive" or "negative," with positive landforms being further broken down by permeability of soil and bedrock. Such a framework could help to guide early water resource planning decisions by aiding the comparison of contrasting needs and potentials of different areas. It can thus have important implications for the types of solutions to water resource issues that are attempted. B. K. Ferguson, Whither Water? The Fragile Future of the World's Most Important Resource, <i>The Futurist, 12</i>:2, pp. 29-36, 1983. W. C. Bianchi and D. C. Muckel, <i>Ground-Water Recharge Hydrology</i>, U. S. Agricultural Research Service, ARS 41-161, 1970. O. E. Meinzer, <i>The Occurrence of Ground-Water in the United States</i>, U. S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 489, 1923. J. D. Hewlett, <i>Principles of Forest Hydrology</i>, University of Georgia Press, Athens, Georgia, 1982. R. C. Schultz and J. D. Hewlett, <i>Soil Moisture as a Part of the Hydrologic Cycle, Proceedings, Soil Moisture … Site Productivity Symposium</i>, U. S. Forest Service, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, pp. 1-21, November 1-3, 1977. E. L. Horwitz, <i>Our Nation's Wetlands</i>, U. S. Department of Agriculture, et al., Washington, D. C., 1978. L. B. Leopold, M. G. Wolman, and J. P. Miller, <i>Fluvial Processes in Geomorphology</i>, Freeman, San Francisco, California, 1964. D. S. Way, <i>Terrain Analysis: A Guide to Site Selection Using Aerial Photographic Interpretation, 2nd Edition</i>, Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross, Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, 1978. B. K. Ferguson, Landscape Hydrology: A Unified Guide to Water-Related Design, <i>Proceedings, The Landscape: Critical Issues and Resources</i>, 1983 Conference of Council of Educators in Landscape Architecture, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, pp. 11-21, August 6-10, 1983. G. W. Frasier, Harvesting Water for Agricultural, Wildlife, and Domestic Uses, <i>Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 35</i>:3, pp. 125-128, 1980. United States Environmental Protection Agency, <i>Design Manual, Onsite Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems</i>, Washington, D. C., 1980. W. A. Hall, G. H. Hargreaves, and G. H. Cannell, Planning Large-Scale Agricultural Systems with Integrated Water Management, <i>Planning the Uses and Management of Land</i>, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 273-290, 1979. T. H. Y. Tebbutt, <i>Water Science and Technology</i>, Barnes and Noble, New York, 1973. B. K. Ferguson, Environmental Planning for Wastewater Land Application: Lessons from Penn State's "Living Filter," <i>Landscape Planning, 10</i>, pp. 205-218, 1983. B. K. Ferguson, Infiltration Basins, <i>Landscape Architecture, 73</i>:6, pp. 89-91, 1983. C. H. Wharton, <i>The Natural Environments of Georgia</i>, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Atlanta, Georgia, 1977. G. L. Plummer, <i>Georgia Rainfall: Precipitation Patterns at 23 Places, 1734-1982</i>, Georgia Academy of Science and University of Georgia Institute of Natural Resources, Athens, Georgia, 1983. W. R. Stokes, III, T. W. Hale, J. L. Pearlman, and G. R. Buell, <i>Water Resources Data, Georgia, Water Year 1982</i>, U. S. Geological Survey Water-Data Report GA-82-1, 1982. R. F. Carter and J. D. Fanning, <i>Monthly Low-Flow Characteristics of Georgia Streams</i>, U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-560, Doraville, Georgia, 1982. United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, <i>Climatological Data, Georgia, Annual Summary, 85</i>:13, 1981. United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, <i>Climatological Data, Georgia, 86</i>:9, 1982. Georgia Geologic Survey, <i>Geologic Map of Georgia</i>, Atlanta, Georgia, 1976. C. B. Hunt, <i>Physiography of the United States</i>, Freeman, San Francisco, California, 1967. R. Geiger, <i>The Climate Near the Ground</i>, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1961. T. Dunne and L. B. Leopold, <i>Water in Environmental Planning</i>, Freeman, San Francisco, California, 1978. T. W. Gardner, Geomorphology of Nittany Valley, in <i>Soils and Geology of Nittany Valley</i>, Pennsylvania State University Agronomy Series Number 64, University Park, Pennsylvania, pp. 53-75, 1980. M. T. Giddings, Jr., <i>Hydrologic Budget of Spring Creek Drainage Basin, Pennsylvania</i>, Ph.D. Thesis, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 1974.