10.2190/XYVK-LL09-RDAL-30MY XYVKLL09RDAL30MY 3 Dysfunction in the Urban System: An Evaluation of Neighborhood Crime Prevention in Tulsa, Oklahoma 115 130 20020509 20020509 20020509 20020509 XYVKLL09RDAL30MY.pdf http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&id=XYVKLL09RDAL30MY 2 N. M. Connelly K. D. Harries D. T. Herbert Government Service, London, England Department of Geography, University of Maryland, Baltimore County Department of Geography, University College of Swansea, Swansea, Wales, U.K. Two neighborhoods in Tulsa, Oklahoma, highly comparable in terms of their socioeconomic and built environments, were evaluated on the basis of their crime victimization experience and other attributes relating to attitudes toward crime and security. One neighborhood had been the subject of a neighborhood crime control project, while the other had not. Generally, there were no significant differences between the neighborhoods for any of the social or crime victimization measures evaluated. The analysis suggested that the crime control program was not particularly effective in this context. P. J. Brantingham and P. L. Brantingham (Eds.), <i>Environmental Criminology</i>, Sage, Beverly Hills, 1981. O. Newman, <i>Defensible Space</i>, Macmillan, New York, 1972. C. J. Smith, Neighborhood Effects and Mental Health, in <i>Geography and the Urban Environment: Progress in Research and Applications</i>, Vol. 3, D. T. Herbert and R. J. Johnston (eds.), Wiley, Chichester, U. K., pp. 363-415, 1980. R. L. Smith, Creating Neighborhood Identity through Citizen Activism, <i>Urban Geography, 5</i>, pp. 49-70, 1984. P. J. Lavrakas, On Households, in <i>Reactions to Crime</i>, D. A. Lewis (ed.), Sage, Beverly Hills, pp. 67-85, 1981. P. J. Lavrakas and E. J. Herz, Citizen Participation in Neighborhood Crime Prevention, <i>Criminology, 20</i>, pp. 479-498, 1982. F. Dubow and A. Podolfsky, Citizen Participation in Community Crime Prevention, <i>Human Organization, 41</i>, pp. 307-314, 1981. M. McPherson and G. Silloway, Planning to Prevent Crime, <i>Reactions to Crime</i>, D. A. Lewis (ed.), Sage, Beverly Hills, pp. 149-166, 1981. D. A. Lewis and G. Salem, Community Crime Prevention: An Analysis of Developing Structure, <i>Crime and Delinquency, 27</i>, pp. 405-442, 1980. L. Norton and L. A. Courlander, Fear of Crime Among the Elderly: The Role of Crime Prevention Programs, <i>The Gerontologist, 22</i>, pp. 388-393, 1982. D. T. Herbert and S. W. Hyde, <i>Residential Crime and the Urban Environment</i>, University College of Swansea Department of Geography, Swansea, U. K., 1984. D. T. Herbert and K. D. Harries, Area-Based Policies for Crime Prevention, <i>Applied Geography, 6</i>, pp. 281-295, 1986. A. Booth, The Built Environment as a Crime Deterrent, <i>Criminology, 18</i>, pp. 557-570, 1981. F. Heinzelmann, Crime Prevention and the Physical Environment, in <i>Reactions to Crime</i>, D. A. Lewis (ed.), Sage, Beverly Hills, pp. 87-101, 1981. O. Newman and K. Franck, <i>Factors Influencing Crime and Instability in Urban Housing Developments</i>, Department of Justice, Washington, D. C., 1980. R. Taylor, <i>Informal Control in the Urban Residential Environment</i>, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1981. P. Mayhew, The Current Status of a Crime Prevention Theory, <i>The Howard Journal, 28</i>, pp. 150-159, 1979. S. Wilson, Vandalism and Defensible Space on London Housing Estates, in <i>Tackling Vandalism</i>, R. V. G. Clarke (ed.), Her Majesty's Stationery Office. London, pp. 41-66, 1978. T. A. Reppetto, Crime Prevention and the Displacement Phenomenon, <i>Crime and Delinquency, 22</i>, pp. 166-177, 1976.