<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE Publisher PUBLIC "-//MetaPress//DTD MetaPress 2.0//EN" "http://public.metapress.com/dtd/MPRESS/MetaPressv2.dtd">
<Publisher>
	<PublisherInfo>
		<PublisherName>Baywood Publishing Company</PublisherName>
	</PublisherInfo>
	<Journal>
		<JournalInfo JournalType="Journals">
			<JournalPrintISSN>0047-2433</JournalPrintISSN>
			<JournalElectronicISSN>1541-3802</JournalElectronicISSN>
			<JournalTitle>Journal of Environmental Systems</JournalTitle>
			<JournalCode>BWES</JournalCode>
			<JournalID>300323</JournalID>
			<JournalURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=journal&amp;id=300323</JournalURL>
		</JournalInfo>
		<Volume>
			<VolumeInfo>
				<VolumeNumber>18</VolumeNumber>
			</VolumeInfo>
			<Issue>
				<IssueInfo IssueType="Regular">
					<IssueNumberBegin>2</IssueNumberBegin>
					<IssueNumberEnd>2</IssueNumberEnd>
					<IssueSupplement>0</IssueSupplement>
					<IssuePartStart>0</IssuePartStart>
					<IssuePartEnd>0</IssuePartEnd>
					<IssueSequence>000018000219880101</IssueSequence>
					<IssuePublicationDate>
						<CoverDate Year="1988" Month="1" Day="1"/>
						<CoverDisplay>Number 2 / 1988-89</CoverDisplay>
					</IssuePublicationDate>
					<IssueID>GDKW440LC13A</IssueID>
					<IssueURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=issue&amp;id=GDKW440LC13A</IssueURL>
				</IssueInfo>
				<Article ArticleType="Original">
					<ArticleInfo Free="No" ESM="No">
						<ArticleDOI>10.2190/VGR2-2BVK-NC5F-6YY5</ArticleDOI>
						<ArticlePII>VGR22BVKNC5F6YY5</ArticlePII>
						<ArticleSequenceNumber>5</ArticleSequenceNumber>
						<ArticleTitle Language="En">Environmental Concerns and Resource Scarcity: The Case of Coal</ArticleTitle>
						<ArticleFirstPage>159</ArticleFirstPage>
						<ArticleLastPage>171</ArticleLastPage>
						<ArticleHistory>
							<RegistrationDate>20020509</RegistrationDate>
							<ReceivedDate>20020509</ReceivedDate>
							<Accepted>20020509</Accepted>
							<OnlineDate>20020509</OnlineDate>
						</ArticleHistory>
						<FullTextFileName>VGR22BVKNC5F6YY5.pdf</FullTextFileName>
						<FullTextURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&amp;id=VGR22BVKNC5F6YY5</FullTextURL>
						<Composite>2</Composite>
					</ArticleInfo>
					<ArticleHeader>
						<AuthorGroup>
							<Author AffiliationID="A1">
								<GivenName>Donald</GivenName>
								<Initials>L.</Initials>
								<FamilyName>Snyder</FamilyName>
								<Degrees/>
								<Roles/>
							</Author>
							<Author AffiliationID="A2">
								<GivenName>Soumendra</GivenName>
								<Initials/>
								<FamilyName>Ghosh</FamilyName>
								<Degrees/>
								<Roles/>
							</Author>
							<Affiliation AFFID="A1">
								<OrgDivision/>
								<OrgName>Department of Economics, Utah State University</OrgName>
								<OrgAddress/>
							</Affiliation>
							<Affiliation AFFID="A2">
								<OrgDivision/>
								<OrgName>Department of Economics, New Mexico State University</OrgName>
								<OrgAddress/>
							</Affiliation>
						</AuthorGroup>
						<Abstract Language="En">Traditional measures of resource scarcity have primarily been concerned with the extraction and use of a single natural resource. The relationship between the concurrent use of environmental and extractible resources has attracted little attention. In this article, a conceptual measure of resource scarcity under conditions of simultaneous joint use is developed. This measure includes previously derived indices as special cases. An empirical measure of scarcity under conditions of joint use is derived for coal and air using a translog reproducible cost function. Results suggest that existing environmental regulations have effectively increased the scarcity rent of coal in-use.</Abstract>
						<biblist>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="1">R. C. D'Arge and K. C. Kogiku, Economics Growth and the Environment, &lt;i&gt;Review of Economic Studies&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 61-77, 1973.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="2">R. A. Becker, Intergenerational Equity: The Capital-Environment Trade-Off, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Environmental Economics and Management&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 105-126, 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="3">J. A. Krautkramer, Optimal Growth, Resource Amenities and the Preservation of Natural Environments, &lt;i&gt;Review of Economic Studies&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 153-170, 1985.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="4">J. V. Krutilla and A. C. Fisher, &lt;i&gt;Economics of Natural Environments: Studies in the Valuation of Commodity and Amenity Resources&lt;/i&gt;, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore (published for Resources for the Future).</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="5">A. C. Fisher, Measures of Natural Resource Scarcity, in &lt;i&gt;Scarcity and Growth Reconsidered&lt;/i&gt;, V. K. Smith (ed.), Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, 1979.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="6">V. K. Smith, Natural Resource Scarcity: A Statistical Analysis, &lt;i&gt;Review of Economics and Statistics, 62&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 423-427, 1979.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="7">A. C. Fisher, &lt;i&gt;Resource and Environmental Economics&lt;/i&gt;, Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1981.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="8">T. Tietenberg, &lt;i&gt;Environmental and Natural Resource Economics&lt;/i&gt;, Scott, Foresman and Company, Glenview, Illinois, 1984.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="9">R. Halvorsen and T. R. Smith, On Measuring Natural Resource Scarcity, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Political Economics, 92&lt;/i&gt;:5, pp. 954-964, 1984.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="10">C. Blackorby, D. Primont, and R. R. Russell, &lt;i&gt;Duality, Separability and Functional Structure: Theory and Economic Applications&lt;/i&gt;, North Holland, New York, 1978.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="11">C. R. Taylor, Stochastic Dynamic Duality: Theory and Empirical Applicability, &lt;i&gt;American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 66&lt;/i&gt;:3, pp. 351-357, 1984.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="12">W. E. Diewert, Applications of Duality Theory, in &lt;i&gt;Frontiers of Quantitative Economics&lt;/i&gt;, M. D. Intrilligator and D. A. Kendrick (eds.), North-Holland, New York, 1974.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="13">L. R. Christensen and W. H. Greene, Economics of Scale in U. S. Electric Power Generation, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Political Economics, 84&lt;/i&gt;:4, pp. 657-676, 1976.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="14">E. R. Brendt and L. R. Christensen, The Translog Function and the Substitution of Equipment, Structures, and Labor in U. S. Manufacturing, 1929-1968, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Econometrics, 1&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 81-114, 1973.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="15">E. R. Brendt and L. R. Christensen, Testing for the Existence of a Consistent Aggregate Index of Labor Inputs, &lt;i&gt;American Economic Review&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 391-404, June 1974.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="16">E. R. Brendt and D. O. Wood, Technology, Prices, and the Derived Demand for Energy, &lt;i&gt;Review of Economics and Statistics, LVII&lt;/i&gt;:3, pp. 259-268, 1975.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="17">D. McFadden, Estimation Techniques for the Elasticity of Substitution and Other Parameters, in &lt;i&gt;Production Economics: A Dual Approach to Theory and Applications&lt;/i&gt;, M. Fuss and D. McFadden (eds.), North Holland, New York, pp. 73-123, 1978.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="18">G. S. Maddala, &lt;i&gt;Econometrics&lt;/i&gt;, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1977.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="19">A. S. Goldberger, The Interpretation and Estimation of Cogg-Douglas Functions, &lt;i&gt;Econometrica, 35&lt;/i&gt;:3-4, pp. 464-472, July-October, 1968.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="20">Federal Power Commission, &lt;i&gt;Steam Electric Plant Construction Cost and Annual Production Expenses&lt;/i&gt;, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1948-1976.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="21">Federal Power Commission, &lt;i&gt;Steam Electric Plant Air and Water Quality Control Data, 1973&lt;/i&gt;, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1976.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="22">Energy Information Administration, &lt;i&gt;Steam Electric Plant Construction Cost and Annual Production Expenses&lt;/i&gt;, USDOE/EIA, Washington, D. C., 1977-1978.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="23">Energy Information Administration, &lt;i&gt;Thermal Electric Plant Construction Cost and Annual Production Expenses&lt;/i&gt;, USDOE/EIA, Washington, D. C., 1979-1985.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="24">Energy Information Administration, &lt;i&gt;Historical Plant Cost and Annual Production Expenses for Selected Electrical Plants&lt;/i&gt;, USDOE/EIA, Washington, D. C., 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="25">Energy Information Administration, &lt;i&gt;Annual Energy Review&lt;/i&gt;, EIA, Washington, D. C., 1984.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="26">L. Christensen and D. W. Jorgenson, The Measurement of U. S. Real Capital Input, 1929-1967, &lt;i&gt;Review of Income and Wealth, 15&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 293-320, 1969.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="27">S. Ghosh, &lt;i&gt;Measuring Natural Resource Scarcity Under Common Property Environment and Uncertainty: An Interpretive Analysis&lt;/i&gt;, unpublished doctoral dissertation, Utah State University, 1987.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="28">Electric Power Research Institute, &lt;i&gt;Economic Evaluation of FGD Systems&lt;/i&gt;, Volume 1, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California, 1973.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="29">Electric Power Research Institute, &lt;i&gt;Utility FGD Survey, April-September 1983&lt;/i&gt;, Volume 4, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California, 1984.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="30">Electric Power Research Institute, &lt;i&gt;Economic Evaluation of FGD Systems&lt;/i&gt;, Volume 4, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California, 1985.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="31">Electric Power Research Institute, &lt;i&gt;SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; Retrofit Control Technologies Handbook&lt;/i&gt;, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California, 1985.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="32">H. J. Barnett and C. Morse, &lt;i&gt;Scarcity and Growth: The Economics of Natural Resource Availability&lt;/i&gt;, Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1963.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="33">M. H. Johnson, F. W. Bell, and J. T. Bennett, Natural Resource Scarcity: Empirical Evidence and Public Policy, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Enviornmental Economics and Management, 7&lt;/i&gt;:3, pp. 256-271, 1980.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="34">M. E. Slade, Trends in Natural Resource Commodity Prices: An Analysis of the Time Domain, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 9&lt;/i&gt;:2, pp. 122-137, 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="35">R. S. Manthy, &lt;i&gt;Natural Resource Commodities—A Century of Statistics&lt;/i&gt;, Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1978.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="36">V. K. Smith, Increasing Resource Scarcity: Another Perspective, &lt;i&gt;Quantitative Review of Economics and Business, 21&lt;/i&gt;:(Spring), pp. 120-125, 1981.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
						</biblist>
					</ArticleHeader>
				</Article>
			</Issue>
		</Volume>
	</Journal>
</Publisher>
