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<Publisher>
	<PublisherInfo>
		<PublisherName>Baywood Publishing Company</PublisherName>
	</PublisherInfo>
	<Journal>
		<JournalInfo JournalType="Journals">
			<JournalPrintISSN>0047-2433</JournalPrintISSN>
			<JournalElectronicISSN>1541-3802</JournalElectronicISSN>
			<JournalTitle>Journal of Environmental Systems</JournalTitle>
			<JournalCode>BWES</JournalCode>
			<JournalID>300323</JournalID>
			<JournalURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=journal&amp;id=300323</JournalURL>
		</JournalInfo>
		<Volume>
			<VolumeInfo>
				<VolumeNumber>19</VolumeNumber>
			</VolumeInfo>
			<Issue>
				<IssueInfo IssueType="Regular">
					<IssueNumberBegin>3</IssueNumberBegin>
					<IssueNumberEnd>3</IssueNumberEnd>
					<IssueSupplement>0</IssueSupplement>
					<IssuePartStart>0</IssuePartStart>
					<IssuePartEnd>0</IssuePartEnd>
					<IssueSequence>000019000319890101</IssueSequence>
					<IssuePublicationDate>
						<CoverDate Year="1989" Month="1" Day="1"/>
						<CoverDisplay>Number 3 / 1989-90</CoverDisplay>
					</IssuePublicationDate>
					<IssueID>V94VCK4DKR25</IssueID>
					<IssueURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=issue&amp;id=V94VCK4DKR25</IssueURL>
				</IssueInfo>
				<Article ArticleType="Original">
					<ArticleInfo Free="No" ESM="No">
						<ArticleDOI>10.2190/0QX8-B1F6-407E-QJ1E</ArticleDOI>
						<ArticlePII>0QX8B1F6407EQJ1E</ArticlePII>
						<ArticleSequenceNumber>2</ArticleSequenceNumber>
						<ArticleTitle Language="En">A Livestock Model for Waste Heat Utilization Assessment</ArticleTitle>
						<ArticleFirstPage>211</ArticleFirstPage>
						<ArticleLastPage>229</ArticleLastPage>
						<ArticleHistory>
							<RegistrationDate>20020509</RegistrationDate>
							<ReceivedDate>20020509</ReceivedDate>
							<Accepted>20020509</Accepted>
							<OnlineDate>20020509</OnlineDate>
						</ArticleHistory>
						<FullTextFileName>0QX8B1F6407EQJ1E.pdf</FullTextFileName>
						<FullTextURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&amp;id=0QX8B1F6407EQJ1E</FullTextURL>
						<Composite>3</Composite>
					</ArticleInfo>
					<ArticleHeader>
						<AuthorGroup>
							<Author AffiliationID="A1">
								<GivenName>Robert</GivenName>
								<Initials>N.</Initials>
								<FamilyName>Amundsen</FamilyName>
								<Degrees/>
								<Roles/>
							</Author>
							<Author AffiliationID="A2">
								<GivenName>John</GivenName>
								<Initials>D.</Initials>
								<FamilyName>Keenan</FamilyName>
								<Degrees/>
								<Roles/>
							</Author>
							<Affiliation AFFID="A1">
								<OrgDivision/>
								<OrgName>New York Institute of Technology</OrgName>
								<OrgAddress/>
							</Affiliation>
							<Affiliation AFFID="A2">
								<OrgDivision/>
								<OrgName>University of Pennsylvania</OrgName>
								<OrgAddress/>
							</Affiliation>
						</AuthorGroup>
						<Abstract Language="En">Thermal effluents from power plants can be used to accelerate the growth of farm animals. Livestock operations can be made more profitable by raising animals under controlled temperature conditions to obtain maximum food conversion efficiency. In order to evaluate whether the benefits of increased productivity outweigh the costs of temperature control, it is necessary to simulate the operation of livestock facilities. The livestock simulation model presented here has two parts. First, a materials balance approach is used to estimate the growth of animals at various temperatures. Second, a heat balance enables us to determine how much heat must be supplied to the buildings under anticipated weather conditions in order to maintain the desired temperature. In turn, this is used to compute the mass flow rate of heated water needed to provide the required heat.</Abstract>
						<biblist>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="1">M. Olszewski, &lt;i&gt;An Economic Feasibility Assessment of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Waste-Heat Polyculture Concept&lt;/i&gt;, ORNL/TM-6547, 1979.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="2">R. N. Amundsen, &lt;i&gt;Computer Simulation and Optimization for the Assessment of Waste Heat Utilization Technologies&lt;/i&gt;, Dissertation, Energy Management and Policy, University of Pennsylvania, 607 pp., 1986.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="3">J. D. Keenan and R. N. Amundsen, Assessment of Waste Heat Utilization Technologies-Overview, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Environmental Systems, 19&lt;/i&gt;:2, pp. xxx-xxx, 1989-90.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="4">J. A. Lindley, &lt;i&gt;Laying House Energy Budget Analysis for the Northeast&lt;/i&gt;, University of Connecticut, Storrs, ASAE Paper No. 75-4537, 1975.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="5">R. D. Fritschen, Hog Pen Heating Options Outlined by Ag Scientist, &lt;i&gt;Feedstuffs&lt;/i&gt;, p. 16, March 10, 1975.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="6">R. E. McDowell, Effect of Environment on the Functional Efficiency of Ruminants, &lt;i&gt;Livestock Environment&lt;/i&gt;, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, Michigan, 1974.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="7">R. H. Brown, The Automated Poultry House-Effect on Energy Use and Demands, in &lt;i&gt;Energy-Key to Food Production&lt;/i&gt;, p. 104, 1976 (as referenced by Tennessee Valley Authority, &lt;i&gt;Waste Heat Utilization for Agriculture and Aquaculture, State of the Art&lt;/i&gt;, TVA and EPRI, EPRI EA-922, 1978).</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="8">L. B. Driggers, G. R. Baughman, M. R. Overcash, and F. J. Humenik, Energy Aspects of Livestock Production and Waste Management, &lt;i&gt;World Review of Animal Production, XII&lt;/i&gt;:3, pp. 13-19, 1976.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="9">C. K. Spillman and J. P. Murphy, &lt;i&gt;Effect of Farrowing House Temperature on Energy Use and Litter Size&lt;/i&gt;, Kansas State University, Manhattan, ASAE Paper 76-4044, 1976.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="10">J. H. Whitaker, &lt;i&gt;Agricultural Buildings and Structures&lt;/i&gt;, Reston Publishing Company, Reston, Virginia, 1979.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="11">M. O. North, &lt;i&gt;Commercial Chicken Production Manual&lt;/i&gt;, 2nd Edition, AVI Publishing Company, Westport, Connecticut, 1978.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="12">N. C. Teter, J. A. DeShazer, and T. L. Thompson, Operational Characteristics of Meat Animals: Part I-Swine, &lt;i&gt;Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 16&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 157-159, 1973.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="13">J. A. DeShazer and N. C. Teter, Evaluation of Swine Housing through Simulation, in &lt;i&gt;Livestock Environment&lt;/i&gt;, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, Michigan, 1974.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="14">M. Kleiber, &lt;i&gt;The Fire of Life: An Introduction to Animal Energetics&lt;/i&gt;, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1961.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="15">N. C. Teter, J. A. DeShazer, and T. L. Thompson, Operational Characteristics of Meat Animals: Part II. Broilers, &lt;i&gt;Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 16&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 1165-1167, 1973.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="16">K. Schmidt-Nielsen, &lt;i&gt;How Animals Work&lt;/i&gt;, Cambridge University Press, New York, 1972.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="17">T. O. Manning and D. R. Mears, Computer-Aided Design of a Greenhouse Waste Heat Utilization System, &lt;i&gt;Energy in Agriculture, 1&lt;/i&gt;:1, pp. 5-20, 1981.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
						</biblist>
					</ArticleHeader>
				</Article>
			</Issue>
		</Volume>
	</Journal>
</Publisher>
