10.2190/63CE-FV7V-RJNB-B1H0 63CEFV7VRJNBB1H0 2 Individual and Societal Utility 19 36 20020509 20020509 20020509 20020509 63CEFV7VRJNBB1H0.pdf http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&id=63CEFV7VRJNBB1H0 1 David S. Alberts Richard C. Clelland Coordinator, Computer Science Program, Assistant Professor of Operational Research, New York University Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Pennsylvania Inherent in all social actions is a possible conflict between the goals of society at large and the individuals affected. This paper explores the extent of this conflict in the case of a welfare program. A methodology for constructing two measures of effectiveness is presented—one based upon the goals of the individual and the other upon those of a democratic society. The two measures are computed in approximate form within the context of two actual welfare programs and the results compared. U. S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, <i>Handbook on Programs</i>, 1963. Office of Economic Opportunity, <i>Community Action Program Guide</i>, Vol. 1, February, 1965. P. Levinson, "Evaluation of Social Welfare Programs—Two Research Models," <i>Welfare in Review</i>, March, 1966. A. S. Levine, "Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Work Experience Program," <i>Welfare in Review</i>, September, 1966. J. Jahn and M. Blenkner, <i>Serving the Aging Methodological Supplement, Part 2, Experimental Design and Statistical Tests of Hypothesis</i>, Community Service Society of New York, 1964.