<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE Publisher PUBLIC "-//MetaPress//DTD MetaPress 2.0//EN" "http://public.metapress.com/dtd/MPRESS/MetaPressv2.dtd">
<Publisher>
	<PublisherInfo>
		<PublisherName>Baywood Publishing Company</PublisherName>
	</PublisherInfo>
	<Journal>
		<JournalInfo JournalType="Journals">
			<JournalPrintISSN>0047-2433</JournalPrintISSN>
			<JournalElectronicISSN>1541-3802</JournalElectronicISSN>
			<JournalTitle>Journal of Environmental Systems</JournalTitle>
			<JournalCode>BWES</JournalCode>
			<JournalID>300323</JournalID>
			<JournalURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=journal&amp;id=300323</JournalURL>
		</JournalInfo>
		<Volume>
			<VolumeInfo>
				<VolumeNumber>1</VolumeNumber>
			</VolumeInfo>
			<Issue>
				<IssueInfo IssueType="Regular">
					<IssueNumberBegin>3</IssueNumberBegin>
					<IssueNumberEnd>3</IssueNumberEnd>
					<IssueSupplement>0</IssueSupplement>
					<IssuePartStart>0</IssuePartStart>
					<IssuePartEnd>0</IssuePartEnd>
					<IssueSequence>000001000319710101</IssueSequence>
					<IssuePublicationDate>
						<CoverDate Year="1971" Month="1" Day="1"/>
						<CoverDisplay>Number 3 / 1971</CoverDisplay>
					</IssuePublicationDate>
					<IssueID>PXKVBKH9DC8P</IssueID>
					<IssueURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=issue&amp;id=PXKVBKH9DC8P</IssueURL>
				</IssueInfo>
				<Article ArticleType="Original">
					<ArticleInfo Free="No" ESM="No">
						<ArticleDOI>10.2190/PKBJ-D5AM-N9PN-TAX3</ArticleDOI>
						<ArticlePII>PKBJD5AMN9PNTAX3</ArticlePII>
						<ArticleSequenceNumber>3</ArticleSequenceNumber>
						<ArticleTitle Language="En">Urban Structuring Techniques</ArticleTitle>
						<ArticleFirstPage>249</ArticleFirstPage>
						<ArticleLastPage>268</ArticleLastPage>
						<ArticleHistory>
							<RegistrationDate>20020509</RegistrationDate>
							<ReceivedDate>20020509</ReceivedDate>
							<Accepted>20020509</Accepted>
							<OnlineDate>20020509</OnlineDate>
						</ArticleHistory>
						<FullTextFileName>PKBJD5AMN9PNTAX3.pdf</FullTextFileName>
						<FullTextURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&amp;id=PKBJD5AMN9PNTAX3</FullTextURL>
						<Composite>3</Composite>
					</ArticleInfo>
					<ArticleHeader>
						<AuthorGroup>
							<Author AffiliationID="A1">
								<GivenName>Roger</GivenName>
								<Initials>K.</Initials>
								<FamilyName>Wagoner</FamilyName>
								<Degrees/>
								<Roles/>
							</Author>
							<Affiliation AFFID="A1">
								<OrgDivision/>
								<OrgName>Naramore, Bain, Brady &amp; Johanson, Seattle, Washington</OrgName>
								<OrgAddress/>
							</Affiliation>
						</AuthorGroup>
						<Abstract Language="En">This paper is an overview of techniques being used currently for studying and designing urban environments. It is a condensation of a much longer work. The attempt here is to describe and analyze the relative merits of these techniques as objectively as possible.</Abstract>
						<biblist>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="1">Sherman, Stanley, &quot;On Forming and Reforming Towns and Cities: Current Writings on the Visual Aspects of Urban Settings,&quot; &lt;i&gt;Journal of the American Institute of Planners&lt;/i&gt;, 29:134-43. (February, 1965).</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="2">Vigier, Francois. &quot;An Experimental Approach to Urban Design,&quot; &lt;i&gt;Journal of the American Institute of Planners&lt;/i&gt;, 31:21-31 (February, 1965).</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="3">Lynch, Kevin. &lt;i&gt;The Image of the City.&lt;/i&gt; Cambridge: The M. I. T. Press, 1960.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="4">Alexander, Christopher. &lt;i&gt;Notes on the Synthesis of Form.&lt;/i&gt; Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1964.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="5">&lt;i&gt;Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language.&lt;/i&gt; Cleveland and New York: The World Publishing Company, 1953.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="6">Roe, P. H., G. N. Soulis, V. K. Handa. &lt;i&gt;The Discipline of Design.&lt;/i&gt; The University of Waterloo. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1967.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="7">Venturi, Robert. &lt;i&gt;Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture.&lt;/i&gt; New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1966.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="8">Alexander, Christopher. &quot;Systems Generating Systems,&quot; &lt;i&gt;Systemat&lt;/i&gt;, published by Inland Steel Products Company, 1967.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="9">Banerjee, Tridib K. &quot;Role of Urban Design in the Urban Planning Process,&quot; Unpublished Master's thesis, University of Washington, Seattle, 1967.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="10">Crane, David A. &quot;The City Symbolic,&quot; &lt;i&gt;Journal of the American Institute of Planners&lt;/i&gt;, 26:280-92 (November, 1960).</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="11">Mera, Koicha. &quot;Consumer Sovereignty in Urban Design,&quot; &lt;i&gt;Town Planning Review&lt;/i&gt;, 37:305-11 (January, 1967).</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="12">Chapin, F. Stuart, Jr. &lt;i&gt;Urban Land Use Planning.&lt;/i&gt; Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1965.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="13">Meier, Richard L. &lt;i&gt;A Communications Theory of Urban Growth.&lt;/i&gt; Cambridge: The M. I. T. Press, 1962.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="14">Chermayeff, Serge, and Christopher Alexander. &lt;i&gt;Community and Privacy.&lt;/i&gt; Garden City, New York: Anchor Books, Doubleday &amp; Company, Inc., 1963.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="15">Copeland, Lee, Tridib Banerjee, and Myer Wolfe. &quot;Cyclical Design for a Community Client,&quot; Urban Planning/Development Series No. 7. College of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Washington, Seattle, 1967.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="16">Webber, Melvin M. &quot;The Urban Place and the Nonplace Urban Realm,&quot; &lt;i&gt;Explorations into Urban Structure&lt;/i&gt;, Webber (ed.). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1964.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="17">Brown, Denise Scott. &quot;Team 10, Perspecta 10, and the Present Status of Architectural Theory,&quot; &lt;i&gt;Journal of the American Institute of Planners&lt;/i&gt;, 33:42-50 (January, 1967).</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="18">Okamoto, Rai, and Frank E. Williams. &quot;Urban Design Manhattan,&quot; Regional Plan Association, Inc., New York: The Viking Press, 1969.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="19">Jellicoe, G. A. &lt;i&gt;Motopia: A Study in the Evolution of the Urban Landscape.&lt;/i&gt; New York: Praeger, 1961.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="20">Dukeminier, J. &quot;Zoning for Aesthetic Objectives: A Reappraisal,&quot; &lt;i&gt;Law and Contemporary Problems.&lt;/i&gt; School of Law, Duke University, 28:218-37 (Spring, 1965).</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="21">Spreiregen, Paul D. &lt;i&gt;Urban Design: The Architecture of Towns and Cities.&lt;/i&gt; New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1965.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="22">Weintraub, Daniel J., and Edward L. Walker. &lt;i&gt;Perception.&lt;/i&gt; Belmont, California: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, 1966.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="23">&lt;i&gt;Perception and Environment: Foundations of Urban Design&lt;/i&gt;, Proceedings of the 1962 Seminar on Urban Design, Robert E. Stipe (ed.). Chapel Hill: Institute of Government, University of North Carolina, 1962.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="24">Rappaport, Amos, and Kantor. &quot;Complexity and Ambiguity in Environmental Design.&quot; &lt;i&gt;Journal of the American Institute of Planners&lt;/i&gt;, 213-220 (July, 1967).</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="25">Maki, Fumihiko. &lt;i&gt;Investigations in Collective Form.&lt;/i&gt; St. Louis: The School of Architecture, Washington University, 1964.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="26">&lt;i&gt;Cities and Space&lt;/i&gt;, Lowdon Wingo (ed.). Resources for the Future, Inc. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1963.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="27">Hall, Edward T. &lt;i&gt;The Hidden Dimension.&lt;/i&gt; Garden City: Doubleday, 1966.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="28">Sommer, Robert. &lt;i&gt;Personal Space, The Behavioral Basis of Design.&lt;/i&gt; Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1969.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="29">Winkel, Cary, and Robert Sasanoff. &quot;An Approach to an Objective Analysis of Behavior in Architectural Space,&quot; Architecture/Development Series No. 5. College of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Washington, Seattle, 1966.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="30">&quot;The Freeway in the City,&quot; a report to the Secretary of the Department of Transportation by Urban Advisors to the Federal Highway Administrator, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1968.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
						</biblist>
					</ArticleHeader>
				</Article>
			</Issue>
		</Volume>
	</Journal>
</Publisher>
