<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE Publisher PUBLIC "-//MetaPress//DTD MetaPress 2.0//EN" "http://public.metapress.com/dtd/MPRESS/MetaPressv2.dtd">
<Publisher>
	<PublisherInfo>
		<PublisherName>Baywood Publishing Company</PublisherName>
	</PublisherInfo>
	<Journal>
		<JournalInfo JournalType="Journals">
			<JournalPrintISSN>0047-2433</JournalPrintISSN>
			<JournalElectronicISSN>1541-3802</JournalElectronicISSN>
			<JournalTitle>Journal of Environmental Systems</JournalTitle>
			<JournalCode>BWES</JournalCode>
			<JournalID>300323</JournalID>
			<JournalURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=journal&amp;id=300323</JournalURL>
		</JournalInfo>
		<Volume>
			<VolumeInfo>
				<VolumeNumber>20</VolumeNumber>
			</VolumeInfo>
			<Issue>
				<IssueInfo IssueType="Regular">
					<IssueNumberBegin>2</IssueNumberBegin>
					<IssueNumberEnd>2</IssueNumberEnd>
					<IssueSupplement>0</IssueSupplement>
					<IssuePartStart>0</IssuePartStart>
					<IssuePartEnd>0</IssuePartEnd>
					<IssueSequence>000020000219900101</IssueSequence>
					<IssuePublicationDate>
						<CoverDate Year="1990" Month="1" Day="1"/>
						<CoverDisplay>Number 2 / 1990-91</CoverDisplay>
					</IssuePublicationDate>
					<IssueID>CH1CBRNCD803</IssueID>
					<IssueURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=issue&amp;id=CH1CBRNCD803</IssueURL>
				</IssueInfo>
				<Article ArticleType="Original">
					<ArticleInfo Free="No" ESM="No">
						<ArticleDOI>10.2190/FNV4-VCV2-L1T9-4R62</ArticleDOI>
						<ArticlePII>FNV4VCV2L1T94R62</ArticlePII>
						<ArticleSequenceNumber>5</ArticleSequenceNumber>
						<ArticleTitle Language="En">Predicting Water Consumption From Homeowners' Attitudes</ArticleTitle>
						<ArticleFirstPage>157</ArticleFirstPage>
						<ArticleLastPage>168</ArticleLastPage>
						<ArticleHistory>
							<RegistrationDate>20020509</RegistrationDate>
							<ReceivedDate>20020509</ReceivedDate>
							<Accepted>20020509</Accepted>
							<OnlineDate>20020509</OnlineDate>
						</ArticleHistory>
						<FullTextFileName>FNV4VCV2L1T94R62.pdf</FullTextFileName>
						<FullTextURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&amp;id=FNV4VCV2L1T94R62</FullTextURL>
						<Composite>2</Composite>
					</ArticleInfo>
					<ArticleHeader>
						<AuthorGroup>
							<Author AffiliationID="A1">
								<GivenName>Geoffrey</GivenName>
								<Initials>J.</Initials>
								<FamilyName>Syme</FamilyName>
								<Degrees/>
								<Roles/>
							</Author>
							<Author AffiliationID="A2">
								<GivenName>Clive</GivenName>
								<Initials/>
								<FamilyName>Seligman</FamilyName>
								<Degrees/>
								<Roles/>
							</Author>
							<Author AffiliationID="A1">
								<GivenName>John</GivenName>
								<Initials>F.</Initials>
								<FamilyName>Thomas</FamilyName>
								<Degrees/>
								<Roles/>
							</Author>
							<Affiliation AFFID="A1">
								<OrgDivision/>
								<OrgName>Division of Water Resources, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization</OrgName>
								<OrgAddress/>
							</Affiliation>
							<Affiliation AFFID="A2">
								<OrgDivision/>
								<OrgName>University of Western Ontario</OrgName>
								<OrgAddress/>
							</Affiliation>
						</AuthorGroup>
						<Abstract Language="En">Previous research has failed to find a significant correlation between attitudes and water consumption. We believe this result has occurred because the earlier studies measured attitudes during drought conditions and used self-report measures that are unreliable. The present research studied a sample of 333 households in Perth, Australia, measured the homeowners' attitudes during a drought-free period, and collected actual, household water consumption data for an entire year. The results showed that attitudes pertaining to the importance of the garden as a house investment and a source of recreation were significant predictors of water use, as were homeowners' attitudes toward the current cost of water. The results are consistent with other research that shows that specific attitudes are correlated with resource consumption. The respondents' attitudes toward the economic implications of their water consumption were discussed with regard to conservation appeals.</Abstract>
						<biblist>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="1">R. Gottlieb, &lt;i&gt;A Life of Its Own: The Power and Politics of Water&lt;/i&gt;, Harcourt, Brace, Jovanich, New York, 1988.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="2">G. J. Syme and C. Seligman0, The Planning and Evaluation of Public Information Campaigns to Encourage Water Conservation, in &lt;i&gt;Proceedings of the National Workshop on Urban Demand Management&lt;/i&gt;, Australian Water Resources Council, Canberra, pp. 608-658, 1987.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="3">T. A. Heberlein, Attitudes and Environmental Management, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Social Issues, 45&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 37-58, 1989.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="4">A. W. Wicker, Attitudes versus Actions: The Relationship of Verbal and Overt Behavioral Responses to Attitude Objects, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Social Issues, 25&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 41-78, 1969.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="5">M. E. Olsen, Consumers' Attitudes toward Energy Conservation, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Social Issues, 37&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 108-131, 1981.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="6">M. P. Zanna, E. T. Higgins, and C. P. Herman, Consistency in Social Behavior: The Ontario Symposium, (Vol. 2), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, New Jersey, 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="7">I. Ajzen and M. Fishbein, &lt;i&gt;Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior&lt;/i&gt;, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1980.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="8">R. H. Fazio, How Do Attitudes Guide Behavior?, in &lt;i&gt;The Handbook of Motivation and Cognition: Foundations of Social Behavior&lt;/i&gt;, R. M. Sorrentino and E. T. Higgins (eds.), Guilford, New York, 1986.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="9">G. J. Syme, S. J. Kantola, and J. F. Thomas, Water Resources and the Quarter Acre Block, in &lt;i&gt;People and the Man Made Environment&lt;/i&gt;, R. Thorne and S. Arden (eds.), Architecture, University of Sydney, pp. 182-201, 1980.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="10">C. Seligman, Energy Consumption, Attitudes, and Behavior, in &lt;i&gt;Advances in Applied Social Psychology&lt;/i&gt;, (Vol. 3), M. J. Saks and L. Saxe (eds.), Erlbaum, Hillsdale, New Jersey, pp. 153-180, 1986.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="11">L. J. Becker, C. Seligman, R. H. Fazio, and J. M. Darley, Relating Attitudes to Residential Energy Use, &lt;i&gt;Environment and Behavior, 13&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 590-609, 1981.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="12">C. Seligman, M. Kriss, J. M. Darley, R. H. Fazio, L. J. Becker, and J. B. Pryor, Predicting Summer Energy Consumption from Homeowners' Attitudes, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 9&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 70-90, 1979.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="13">R. Kaplan, Some Psychological Benefits of Gardening, &lt;i&gt;Environment and Behavior, 5&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 145-162, 1973.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="14">L. C. Hamilton, Self-Reported and Actual Savings in a Water Conservation Campaign, &lt;i&gt;Environment and Behavior, 17&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 315-326, 1985.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="15">L. J. Becker, C. Seligman, and J. M. Darley, &lt;i&gt;Psychological Strategies to Reduce Energy Consumption: Project Summary Report&lt;/i&gt;, Center for Energy and Environmental Studies, Report 90, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, 1979.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="16">E. S. Geller, Evaluating Energy Conservation Programs: Is Verbal Report Enough?, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Consumer Research, 8&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 331-335, 1981.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="17">L. C. Hamilton, Saving Water: A Causal Model of Household Conservation, &lt;i&gt;Sociological Perspectives, 26&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 355-374, 1983.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="18">S. J. Kantola, G. J. Syme, and N. A. Campbell, The Role of Individual Differences and External Variables in a Test of the Sufficiency of Fishbein's Model to Explain Behavioral Intentions to Conserve Water, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 12&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 70-83, 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="19">C. R. Weeks and T. A. McMahon, A Comparison of Water Use in Australia and the U.S.A., &lt;i&gt;Journal of American Water Works Association&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 232-237, April 1973.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="20">Water Authority of Western Australia, &lt;i&gt;Domestic Water Use in Perth, Western Australia&lt;/i&gt;, (Vols. 1, 2, and 3), Water Authority of Western Australia, Perth, 1987.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="21">R. Socolow (ed.), &lt;i&gt;Saving Energy in the Home: Princeton's Experiments at Twin Rivers&lt;/i&gt;, Ballinger, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1978.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="22">D. K. Hawes, Satisfaction Derived from Leisure Time Pursuits: An Exploratory Nationwide Study, &lt;i&gt;Journal of Leisure Research, 10&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 247-264, 1978.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="23">R. C. Winkler, Water Conservation, in &lt;i&gt;Preserving the Environment: New Strategies for Behavior Change&lt;/i&gt;, E. S. Geller, R. A. Winett, and P. B. Everett (eds.), Pergamon Press, Elmsford, New York, pp. 262-287, 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="24">E. S. Geller, J. B. Erikson, and B. A. Buttram, Attempts to Promote Residential Water Conservation with Educational, Behavioral and Engineering Strategies, &lt;i&gt;Population and Environment, 6&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 96-112, 1983.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="25">J. F. Thomas and G. J. Syme, Estimating Residential Price Elasticity of Demand for Water: A Contingent Valuation Approach, &lt;i&gt;Water Resources Research, 24&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 1846-1857, 1988.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="26">R. C. Winkler and P. B. Winett, Behavioral Intervention and Resource Conservation: A Systems Approach Based on Behavioral Economics, &lt;i&gt;American Psychologist, 37&lt;/i&gt;, pp. 421-435, 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="27">B. E. Nancarrow and G. J. Syme, Improving Communication with the Public on Water Industry Policy Issues, &lt;i&gt;Urban Water Research Association of Australia&lt;/i&gt;, Research Report No. 6, Melbourne Metropolitan Board of Works, 1989.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="28">C. Seligman and J. E. Finegan, A Two-Factor Model of Energy and Water Conservation, in &lt;i&gt;Social Influence Processes and Prevention&lt;/i&gt;, (Vol. 1), J. Edwards, R. S. Tindale, L. Heath, and E. J. Posavac (eds.), Plenum, New York, pp. 279-299, 1990.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="29">R. Wilk and H. Wilhite, Why Don't People Weatherize Their Homes?: An Ethnographic Explanation, in &lt;i&gt;Proceedings of the 1984 Summer Study: American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy&lt;/i&gt;, ACEEE, Washington, D. C., 1984.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="30">R. S. Cowan, M. H. Rose, and M. S. Rose, Clean Homes and Large Utility Bills 1900-1940, in &lt;i&gt;Families and the Energy Transition&lt;/i&gt;, J. Byrne, D. Schulz, and M. B. Sussman (eds.), Haworth, New York, 1985.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
						</biblist>
					</ArticleHeader>
				</Article>
			</Issue>
		</Volume>
	</Journal>
</Publisher>
