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		<PublisherName>Baywood Publishing Company</PublisherName>
	</PublisherInfo>
	<Journal>
		<JournalInfo JournalType="Journals">
			<JournalPrintISSN>0047-2433</JournalPrintISSN>
			<JournalElectronicISSN>1541-3802</JournalElectronicISSN>
			<JournalTitle>Journal of Environmental Systems</JournalTitle>
			<JournalCode>BWES</JournalCode>
			<JournalID>300323</JournalID>
			<JournalURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=journal&amp;id=300323</JournalURL>
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		<Volume>
			<VolumeInfo>
				<VolumeNumber>20</VolumeNumber>
			</VolumeInfo>
			<Issue>
				<IssueInfo IssueType="Regular">
					<IssueNumberBegin>3</IssueNumberBegin>
					<IssueNumberEnd>3</IssueNumberEnd>
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					<IssueSequence>000020000319900101</IssueSequence>
					<IssuePublicationDate>
						<CoverDate Year="1990" Month="1" Day="1"/>
						<CoverDisplay>Number 3 / 1990-91</CoverDisplay>
					</IssuePublicationDate>
					<IssueID>MPRU18D3ANF2</IssueID>
					<IssueURL>http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=issue&amp;id=MPRU18D3ANF2</IssueURL>
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				<Article ArticleType="Original">
					<ArticleInfo Free="No" ESM="No">
						<ArticleDOI>10.2190/D61T-HJTP-VB0C-8J8U</ArticleDOI>
						<ArticlePII>D61THJTPVB0C8J8U</ArticlePII>
						<ArticleSequenceNumber>6</ArticleSequenceNumber>
						<ArticleTitle Language="En">Environmental Externalities in Hawaii Agriculture: Potential Remedies and Trade-Offs</ArticleTitle>
						<ArticleFirstPage>269</ArticleFirstPage>
						<ArticleLastPage>285</ArticleLastPage>
						<ArticleHistory>
							<RegistrationDate>20020509</RegistrationDate>
							<ReceivedDate>20020509</ReceivedDate>
							<Accepted>20020509</Accepted>
							<OnlineDate>20020509</OnlineDate>
						</ArticleHistory>
						<FullTextFileName>D61THJTPVB0C8J8U.pdf</FullTextFileName>
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						<Composite>3</Composite>
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					<ArticleHeader>
						<AuthorGroup>
							<Author AffiliationID="A1">
								<GivenName>Prahlad</GivenName>
								<Initials/>
								<FamilyName>Kasturi</FamilyName>
								<Degrees/>
								<Roles/>
							</Author>
							<Author AffiliationID="A1">
								<GivenName>Donald</GivenName>
								<Initials>E.</Initials>
								<FamilyName>Agthe</FamilyName>
								<Degrees/>
								<Roles/>
							</Author>
							<Affiliation AFFID="A1">
								<OrgDivision/>
								<OrgName>Radford University, Radford, Virginia</OrgName>
								<OrgAddress/>
							</Affiliation>
						</AuthorGroup>
						<Abstract Language="En">Hawaii agriculture is considerably different from that of the Mainland of the United States in terms of its principal crops, production practices, and ecology. This article outlines the environmental problems faced in that state pertaining to irrigation practices, agricultural chemical use, soil erosion and compaction, and air pollution. It examines potential solutions to these problems. Emphasized in the policy considerations are the constraints posed by the island location, the international agribusiness nature of the largest producers, and the need for such national programs as the soil conservation program to specialize programs to accommodate Hawaii agriculture.</Abstract>
						<biblist>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="1">Hawaii Agricultural Statistics Service, &lt;i&gt;Statistics of Hawaiian Agriculture 1990&lt;/i&gt;, Honolulu, 1990.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="2">H. Yamauchi, G. Okimoto, and S. Mark, &lt;i&gt;Agricultural Use Value Taxation and Conservation of Prime Farmlands in Hawaii, Research Series 016&lt;/i&gt;, (HTTAHR), University of Hawaii, 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
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								<bibtext seqNum="3">K. R. Cooley and J. R. Williams, Applicability of the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and Modified USLE to Hawaii, in &lt;i&gt;Soil Erosion and Conservation&lt;/i&gt;, S. A. El-Swaify, W. C. Moldenhauer, and A. Lo (eds.), (Soil Conservation Society of America), 1983.</bibtext>
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								<bibtext seqNum="5">U. S. Department of Agriculture, &lt;i&gt;The Second RCA Appraisal: Soil, Water, and Related Resources on NonFederal Land in the United States - Analysis of Conditions and Trends&lt;/i&gt;, Washington, DC, 1989.</bibtext>
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								<bibtext seqNum="6">C. T. Fisher, Current Methods of Soil Preparation at HC &amp; S Company, in &lt;i&gt;The 80's-Sugarcane Energy Decade&lt;/i&gt;, Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Hawaiian Sugar Technologist, Hawaiian Sugar Technologists, Honolulu, 1981.</bibtext>
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								<bibtext seqNum="7">U. S. Department of Agriculture, &lt;i&gt;Agricultural Resources: Cropland, Water, and Conservation Situation and Outlook Report&lt;/i&gt;, ERS, AR-8, 1987.</bibtext>
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								<bibtext seqNum="8">H. N. Means, Erosion Control Practices in Sugar Cane and Their Effectiveness, in &lt;i&gt;The 80's - Sugarcane Energy Decade&lt;/i&gt;, Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Hawaiian Sugar Technologist, Hawaiian Sugar Technologists, Honolulu, 1981.</bibtext>
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								<bibtext seqNum="9">G. Uehara, R. G. Chase, J. Wakatsuki, and P. H. Moore, Soil Compaction in Sugar Cane Fields, in &lt;i&gt;The 80's - Sugarcane Energy Decade&lt;/i&gt;, Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Hawaiian Sugar Technologist, Hawaiian Sugar Technologists, Honolulu, 1981.</bibtext>
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								<bibtext seqNum="10">Hawaii Department of Health, &lt;i&gt;Strategies for the Protection of Groundwater Quality in Hawaii&lt;/i&gt;, Revised Edition, 1988.</bibtext>
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								<bibtext seqNum="11">Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, &lt;i&gt;State Water Resources Development Plan: Technical Reference Document&lt;/i&gt;, Honolulu, Hawaii, 1981.</bibtext>
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								<bibtext seqNum="12">U. S. Department of the Interior, U. S. Department of Agriculture, and U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, &lt;i&gt;Irrigation Water Use and Management&lt;/i&gt;, An Interagency Task Force Report, U. S. Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1979.</bibtext>
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								<bibtext seqNum="13">R. J. Leffingwell, Drip Irrigation at Hawaiian Commercial and Sugar Co., in &lt;i&gt;Sugar y Azucar, 73&lt;/i&gt;:10, pp. 42-43, October 1978.</bibtext>
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							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="14">S. A. Ching, Environmental Regulations in Hawaii Agriculture, Paper presented at the Conference on Environmental Risk Assessment: Implications for Public Policy, Honolulu, Hawaii, November 30, 1982.</bibtext>
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							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="15">G. E. Smith, Fertilizer Nutrients as Contaminants in Water Supplies, in &lt;i&gt;Agriculture and the Quality of Our Environment&lt;/i&gt;, Proceedings of the 133rd Meeting of the American Association of the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC, AAAS Publication No. 85, 1967.</bibtext>
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								<bibtext seqNum="16">G. Sloggett, &lt;i&gt;Energy and U. S. Agriculture: Irrigation Pumping 1974-77&lt;/i&gt;, ESCS, Washington, DC, Agricultural Economics Report No. 436, 1979.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="17">K. A. Kolb, &lt;i&gt;Comparing Slow Release Fertilizers&lt;/i&gt;, in Proceedings of the 12th Hawaii Fertilizer Conference, published by the Cooperative Extension Service, HITAHR, University of Hawaii, Miscellaneous Publication NO. 171, 1979.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="18">P. Kasturi, &quot;Optimizing Land, Water and Energy Use in Hawaii's Agricultural Production-1990 Under Multiple Energy Scenarios: A Linear Programming Approach,&quot; Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Agriculture and Resource Economics, University of Hawaii, 1983.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="19">&lt;i&gt;The Honolulu Star Bulletin&lt;/i&gt;, March 18, 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="20">&lt;i&gt;The Honolulu Advertiser&lt;/i&gt;, January 16, 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="21">&lt;i&gt;The Honolulu Star Bulletin&lt;/i&gt;, October 1, 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="22">&lt;i&gt;The Honolulu Advertiser&lt;/i&gt;, October 1, 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
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								<bibtext seqNum="23">&lt;i&gt;The Honolulu Star Bulletin&lt;/i&gt;, September 30, 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="24">P. Ruth, E. Ford, and J. Quarles, &lt;i&gt;Groundwater Contamination in the United States&lt;/i&gt;, (2nd Edition), University of Pennsylvania Press, 1987.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="25">U. S. Department of Agriculture and Federal Energy Administration, &lt;i&gt;A Guide to Energy Savings for the Vegetable Producers, 2&lt;/i&gt;, Washington, D. C., 1977.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="26">T. Erickson and A. Nillson, Airborne Infrared Equipment as an Aid for Agriculture and Other Economic Activities, in &lt;i&gt;Trends in Airborne Equipment for Agriculture and Other Areas&lt;/i&gt;, Proceedings of a Seminar for the U. N. Economic Commission for Europe, Pergamon Press, New York, 1980.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="27">J. W. Beardsley, Integrated Pest Management, Paper presented at the Conference on Environmental Risk Assessment: Implications for Public Policy, Honolulu, 1982.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="28">K. H. Reichelderfer and F. E. Bender, Application of a Simulative Approach to Evaluating Alternative Methods for the Control of Agricultural Pests, &lt;i&gt;American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 61&lt;/i&gt;:2, pp. 258-267, May 1979.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="29">B. S. Plasch, &lt;i&gt;Hawaii's Sugar Industry: Problems, Outlook, and Urban Growth Issues&lt;/i&gt;, Hawaii Department of Planning and Economic Development, 1981.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="30">S. Daberkow and K. H. Reichelderfer, Low-Input Agriculture: Trends, Goals, and Prospects for Input Use, &lt;i&gt;American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 70&lt;/i&gt;:4, pp. 1159-1166, December 1988.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
							<bib-other>
								<bibtext seqNum="31">U. S. Department of Commerce, &lt;i&gt;Census of Agriculture: State Data - Hawaii&lt;/i&gt;, Washington, DC, 1988.</bibtext>
							</bib-other>
						</biblist>
					</ArticleHeader>
				</Article>
			</Issue>
		</Volume>
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</Publisher>
