10.2190/0QCU-PJ6Y-0V06-KE41 0QCUPJ6Y0V06KE41 2 Dynamics of Municipal Wastewater Sludges on Forest Land 25 46 20020509 20020509 20020509 20020509 0QCUPJ6Y0V06KE41.pdf http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&id=0QCUPJ6Y0V06KE41 1 Denis Couillard Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-Eau), Université du Québec Forest land application of municipal wastewater sludge enhances the production of lignocellulosic materials and represents a promising sludge management alternative to disposal in the environment. This research project had two objectives: upgrading, or recycling, residual sludge produced by water-treatment plants, and increasing silvicultural yields through fertilization. An experiment in greenhouses was conducted for a period of some four months. Varying amounts of anaerobic sludge were used as fertilizer to grow larches in sand. The experiment proved conclusively that sludge from water-purification plants can be put to good use in forest fertilization.

D. Couillard, Use of Red Mud, A Residue of Alumina Production by the Bayer Process, in Water Treatment, The Science of the Total Environment, 25, pp. 181-191, 1982.

D. Couillard, Déphosphatation (PO4) des Eaux à l'aide de Déchets provenant des Industries de la Réduction de l'Aluminium, Eau du Québec, 16:1, pp. 34-38, 1983.

D. Couillard and R. D. Tyagi, Traitement du Phosphore (PO4) des Eaux Usées à l'aide des Résidus de l'Extraction Alcaline de la Bauxite, Tribune du Cebedeau, 507:39, pp. 3-14, 1986.

D. Couillard, The Man-habitat System and Multi-use Projects: Description and Representation, Journal Environmental Systems, 11:2, pp. 175-186, 1982.

D. Couillard, Quality of Life: The Importance of Man-Environment Relations and a Tentative Conceptual Model, Journal Environmental Systems, 12:2, pp. 163-185, 1983.

D. Couillard, M. Crowley, and J. L. Sasseville, Technological Public Choice in Practice: The Case of Wastewater Treatment Facilities, Journal Environmental Management, 22:2, pp. 133-146, 1985.

M. Crowley, J. L. Sasseville, and D. Couillard, L'Importance accordée à l'Évaluation Technologique dans l'Assainissement des Eaux Municipales au Québec, Revue Internationale des Sciences de l'Eau, 2:2, pp. 49-57, 1986.

Environnement Canada, L'Épandage des Eaux Usées Traitées et des Boues d'Épuration d'Origine Urbaine, Service de la Protection de l'Environnement, guide SPE 6-EP-84-1, 190 pp., 1985.

EPA, Sludge Treatment and Disposal, Process Design Manual. EPA-625/1-79-011, 952 pages, 1979.

Y. Grenier, La Valorisation des Boues d'Usine d'Épuration des Eaux en Fertilisation Forestière, INRS-Eau, Université du Québec, Master thesis, 290 pp., 1985.

M. S. McMintosh, J. E. Foss, D. C. Wolf, K. R. Brandt, and R. Darmody, Effect of Composted Municipal Sewage Sludge on Growth and Elemental Composition of White Pine and Hybrid Polar, Journal Environmental Quality, 13, pp. 60-62, 1984.

EPA, Land Application of Municipal Sludge, Process Design Manual, EPA-625/1-83-016, 466 pages, 1983.

J. G. A. Fiskell, F. G. Martin, W. L. Pritchett, and M. Maftoun, Effects of Cadmium Levels and Sludges on Loblolly Pine Seedlings, Soils and Crop Science Society of Florida Proceedings, Vol. 41, Soil and Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, pp. 163-168, 1982.

H. Riekerk, How Much Sewage Nitrogen on Forest Soils? A Case History, BioCycle, 23:1, pp. 53-56, 1982.

F. Le Tacon, J. Garbaye, and A. Clement, Possibilité d'Utilisation des Boues Résiduaires de Stations d'Épuration Urbaines en Sylviculture: Effet sur les Sols et les Eaux de Drainage, proceedings of the First European Symposium on the Treatment and Use of Sewage Sludge, Cadarache 13-15 February 1979, D. Alexandre and H. Ott (eds.), pp. 291-308, 1979.

B. Pommel, La Valorisation Agricole des Déchets: 2) Les Boues Résiduaires Urbaines, Ministère d l'Agriculture, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Station d'agronomie de Bordeaux, 70 pp., 1970.

R. C. Sidle and L. T. Kardos, Transport of Heavy Metals in a Sludge-treated Forested Area, Journal Environmental Quality, 6, pp. 431-437, 1977.

D. Couillard and Y. Grenier, Alternative à la Gestion des Boues Résiduaires Municipales: Recyclage en Sylviculture, Sciences et Techniques de l'Eau, 20:3, pp. 215-220, 1987.

S. G. Archie and M. Smith, Survival and Growth of Plantations in Sludge-Treated Soils and Older Forest Growth Study, in Municipal Sludge Application to Pacific Northwest Forest Lands, C. S. Bledsoe (ed.), University of Washington, College of Forest Resources, pp. 105-113, 1981.

E. G. Carrington, The Contribution of Sewage Sludges to the Dissemination of Pathogenic Microorganisms in the Environment, Water Research Centre Technical Report TR 71, Stevenage, England, 1978.

Anonyme, Sludge Disposal by Landspreading Techniques, S. Torry (ed.), Noyes Data Corporation, Park Ridge, New York, 1979.

WHO Scientific Group, Human Viruses in Water, Wastewater and Soil, World Health Organization, Technical Report Series 639, Geneva, Switzerland, 1979.

J. M. Robinson, Sludge Application to Land-health Implications, in Sludge Disposal on Land—Its Future in British Columbia (Canada), A Technology Transfer Seminar Held April 16, 1980, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 1980.

OMOE, Yersinia enterocolitica in Recreational Lakes and Sewage Systems, Laboratory Services Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Toronto, Ontario, 1980.

ENVIRONMENT CANADA, Toxics Screening Studies at Municipal Sewage Treatment Plants 1979-1981, Environmental Protection Services Summary Report, prepared December 1982 by Municipal Division, Abatement and Compliance Branch, Water Pollution Control Directorate, Ottawa, Canada, 1983.