10.2190/LXX9-LMY3-V2W9-NED9 LXX9LMY3V2W9NED9 2 The Design of a Once-Through Cooling System to Meet the Challenge of Strict Thermal Criteria 207 223 20020509 20020509 20020509 20020509 LXX9LMY3V2W9NED9.pdf http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&id=LXX9LMY3V2W9NED9 3 Matthew C. Cordaro Donald L. Matchett Environment Engineering Department, Long Island Lighting Company Stone & Webster Engineering Corp. The site of the Shoreham Nuclear Power Station is a 450 acre tract owned by the Long Island Lighting Company (LILCO), situated on the north shore of Long Island in the Town of Brookhaven, Suffolk County, N. Y. After preliminary investigation of ecological data collected at the site, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation classified the area as "coastal waters." This meant that the thermal effluent discharged from the Shoreham Station could not raise the surface water temperature at the site more than 4°F over the monthly means of maximum daily temperature from October through June nor more than 1.5°F from July through September except within a radius of 300 ft or equivalent area from the point of discharge. In order to meet these strict criteria, a mathematical model for a submerged multiport diffuser was developed by Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation, Engineer-Constructor for the plant. The model synthesizes the near field dilution of the diffuser and the far field return of heat with changing tides. To obtain the information required by the mathematical model, hydraulic model studies were carried out at the Hydrodynamics Laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in addition to dye dispersion studies at the site itself. In conjunction with the latter, extensive measurements of currents and tides were also made. Based on the data generated during the above studies, a proposed diffuser design system was developed which will release station effluent from a number of submerged outlets discharging in alternating east and west directions along a 3,800 ft line beginning 1,600 ft off shore and extending northward from the site. N. Y. State Public Health Law, "Criteria Governing Thermal Discharges (Heated Liquids)," Chapter X, Part 704, Div. of Water Resources, Aug. 31, 1969. Engineering Report on Circulating Water Discharge System, Shoreham Nuclear Power Station-Unit 1, Long Island Lighting Company, Stone & Webster Engineering Corp., Feb. 22, 1971. An Investigation of the Efficiency of Submarine Outfall Disposal of Sewage and Sludge, State Water Pollution Control Board. Publication No. 14, Sacramento, Calif., 1956. "Diffusers for Disposal of Sewage in Sea Water," A. M. Rawn, F. R. Bowerman, and N. H. Brooks, <i>Trans. Amer. Soc. Civil Engineers</i>, 126, Part III, 1961. Thermal Diffusion of Condenser Water in a River During Steady and Unsteady Flows, D. R. F. Harleman, L. C. Hall, and T. G. Curtis, Hydrodynamics Laboratory Report No. 111, MIT, Sept. 1968. Engineering and Ecological Studies for Design of Intake and Discharge Structures, James A. Fitzpatrick Nuclear Power Plant, Power Authority of the State of New York, Stone & Webster Engineering Corp., Jan. 1970. Horizontal Jets in Stagnant Fluid of Other Density, G. Abraham, <i>ASCE J. Hydraulics Div.</i>, No. HY4, July 1965. The Theory of Turbulent Jets, G. N. Abramovich, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1963. Behavior of Buoyant Jets in Calm Fluid, H. O. Anwar, <i>ASCE J. Hydraulics Div.</i>, No. HY4, July 1969. Heat Exchange in the Environment, J. E. Edinger and J. C. Geyer, <i>EEI</i> Publication No. 65-902, June 1965. A Study of Submerged Multi-port Diffusers with Application to the Shoreham Nuclear Power Station, D. R. F. Harleman, K. D. Stolzenbach, and G. Jirka, Department of Civil Engineering, Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory for Water Resources and Hydrodynamics, MIT, Tech. Rept., June 1971.