10.2190/22VW-D07Y-2Q2G-FNUY 22VWD07Y2Q2GFNUY 5 A Systems Approach to the Problems of Solid Waste and Litter 351 364 20020509 20020509 20020509 20020509 22VWD07Y2Q2GFNUY.pdf http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&id=22VWD07Y2Q2GFNUY 4 John R. Hall Russell L. Ackoff RMC, Inc., Bethesda, Md University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa Three principal types of proposed solution to the urban solid waste problem are critically examined: a ban on one-way beverage containers, reclamation programs, and a weight-based tax. Then legislation involving a disposal tax is designed which increases the ability of communities to handle solid waste effectively and which produces a control system that learns from its own experience and adapts to changing conditions. Glass Container Manufacturers Institute, <i>Gloss Containers 1970</i>, N. Y., 1970. Ralph J. Black et al. <i>The National Solid Waste Survey: An Interim Report</i>, Bureau of Solid, Waste Management, Public Health Service, Cincinnati, 1968. Arsen Darnay and William E. Franklin, <i>The Role of Packaging in Solid Waste Management 1966 to 1976</i>, G. P. O., Washington, 1969. Dwight Reed, National Soft Drink Association, Washington, D. C., telephone interview, Jan. 26, 1971. Research Triangle Institute, <i>A National Study of Roadside Litter</i>, (Prepared for Keep America Beautiful, Inc.) Research Triangle Park, Oct., 1969. Strickland-Leggett Research, Inc. <i>Urban Litter Survey</i>, (Prepared for Continental Can Co., Inc.) N. Y. 1970. William Proxmire, Speech to the U. S. Senate, Washington, D. C., May 7, 1970. John R. Hall, Jr., et al, <i>A Systems Approach to Solid Waste and Litter</i>, Management and Behavioral Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Sept., 1971. American Can Company, Marketing Research-Packaging, <i>A History of Packaged Beer and Its Market in the United States</i>, N. Y., 1969. American Public Works Association, Research Foundation, <i>Paper Bags for Household Refuse Handling</i>, Chicago, Aug., 1963. Brunner, Dirk, et al., <i>Closing Open Dumps</i>, Solid Waste Management Office, Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, 1971. Chin, Douglas, <i>Disposable Refuse Sack Study for Waco, Texas: Final Report</i>, University of Texas at Austin, Civil Engineering Dept., Austin, Texas, 1970. Hall, John R., Jr., "The Evaluation of Product Bans in the Public Interest," Presented at the 40th National Meeting of the Operations Research Society of America, Oct., 1971. <i>Highway Statistics-Summary, 1969</i>, U. S. Bureau of Public Roads, Washington, 1969. Kneese, Allen V., and Blair T. Bower, <i>Managing Water Quality</i>, (Published for Resources for the Future, Inc.) The John Hopkins Press, Baltimore, 1968. Lincoln, Fabien, (ed.), <i>Expenditure Patterns of the American Family</i>, (Prepared for <i>Life</i> from a survey conducted by the U. S. Dept. of Labor), Industrial Conference Board, N. Y., 1965. McKean, Roland N., <i>Efficiency in Government through Systems Analysis</i>, John Wiley & Sons, N. Y., 1958. U. S. Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, <i>Study of Consumer Expenditures, Incomes and Savings, Statistical Tables for Urban United States in 1950</i>, Prepared by the Wharton School of Finance and Commerce, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 18 volumes, Washington, 1956. "What Does Packaging Really Cost?" <i>Modern Packaging</i>, <b>XL</b> May, 1967, 90-93.