10.2190/HYVQ-75JB-7GA6-7TYP HYVQ75JB7GA67TYP 6 Predicting the Natural Water Temperature Profile Throughout a River Basin 361 381 20020509 20020509 20020509 20020509 HYVQ75JB7GA67TYP.pdf http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&id=HYVQ75JB7GA67TYP 4 Richard D. Noble Alan P. Jackman Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wyoming Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis <p>A one-dimensional mathematical model is presented for predicting natural water temperatures throughout an entire river basin. The model contains an accumulation term, convective term, dispersive term, and source term. Mathematical representations of each term contributing to the heat flux are presented.</p><p>This model can assume major importance in the planning and management of a river basin. Natural water temperature and the effects of alteration of this temperature regime have a large effect on the ecology of the entire river basin.</p><p>This model is solved numerically utilizing extensive synoptic meteorological and flow rate data obtained for an entire river basin. This solution is compared to experimental data. The results indicate that calculated water temperatures can be obtained which typically have a daily root-mean-square deviation of less than 3°C, a daily amplitude ratio of ± 0.20 of 1.0, and a daily mean within 2°C of observed data. These results can be improved with improved measurement of incoming radiation and average depth. The effects of the average depth, convection, and dispersion are also discussed.</p> P. A. Krenkel and F. L. Parker, Biological Aspects of Thermal Pollution, Vanderbilt University Press, 1969. V. Kothandaraman, Analysis of Water Temperature Variations in Large Rivers, <i>Journal Sanitary Eng. Div. ASCE (SA1)</i>, pp. 19-31, February 1971. G. W. Brown, Predicting Temperatures of Small Streams, <i>Water Resources Research, 5</i>:1, pp. 68-75, February 1969. J. M. Raphael, Prediction of Temperature in Rivers and Reservoirs, <i>Journal Power Div. ASCE (PO2)</i>, pp. 157-181, July 1962. W. H. Delay and J. Seader, Predicting Temperatures in Rivers and Reservoirs, <i>Journal Sanitary Eng. Div. ASCE (SA1)</i>, pp. 115-133, February 1966. W. L. Morse, Stream Temperature Prediction Under Reduced Flow, <i>Journal of Hydraulics Div. ASCE 98 (HY6)</i>, pp. 1031-1047, June 1972. J. E. Edinger, D. W. Duttweiler and J. C. Geyer, The Response of Water Temperatures to Meteorological Conditions, <i>Water Resources Research, 4</i>:5, pp. 1137-1143, October 1968. Cheng-lung Chen, Fate of Thermally Polluted Surface Water in Rivers, <i>Journal Sanitary Eng. Div. ASCE (SA3)</i>, pp. 311-331, June 1971. H. E. Jobson and N. Yotsukura, Mechanics of Heat Transfer in Non-Stratified Open-Channel Flows, <i>Environmental Impact on Rivers</i>, H. W. Shen, (Ed.), Fort Collins, Colorado. Water-Loss Investigations: Lake Hefner Studies, Technical Report, U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 269. F. W. Pierson, Investigation of Several Evapotranspiration Equations, M. S. Thesis, University of California, Davis, 1972. <i>Handbook of Chemistry and Physics</i>, The Chemical Rubber Company, 52nd edition, 1971-72. I. S. Bowen, Ratio of Heat Losses by Conduction and by Evaporation From Any Water Surface, <i>Physical Review, 27</i>, pp. 779-787, June 1926. D. A. Bella and W. E. Dobbins, Difference Modeling of Stream Pollution, <i>Journal Sanitary Eng. Div. ASCE (SA5)</i>, pp. 995-1016, October 1968. R. D. Noble and A. P. Jackman, Meteorological, Water Temperature, and Flow Rate Data for the Mattole River Basin, U. S. Geological Survey Water Resource Investigations, no. 78-81.