10.2190/QUYX-KRWN-CTHM-F4DK QUYXKRWNCTHMF4DK 5 The Arbitration of Insubordination Cases 145 169 20020509 20020509 20020509 20020509 QUYXKRWNCTHMF4DK.pdf http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&id=QUYXKRWNCTHMF4DK 2 Donald J. Petersen Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois This article discusses the complex concept of insubordination by analyzing 227 arbitration cases involving that issue decided between 1980 and 1990. It looks at the elements that must be present before insubordination is established, and the differences between "major" and "minor" insubordination. The article also indicates various exceptions to the "obey now, grieve later" rule in insubordination, such as safety and health exceptions, contract violation exceptions, constitutional exceptions, and union officer exceptions. Abusive language is reviewed as another aspect of insubordination, and is contrasted with "shop talk." Finally, factors mitigating discipline for insubordination are discussed. H. Shulman, <i>Ford Motor Company</i>, 3 LA 779 (BNA), 1944. O. W. Phelps, <i>Discipline and Discharge in the Unionized Firm, Los Angeles, University of California Press, 1959.</i> S. L. Chalfie, (1985). <i>Mansfield Products Company, White-Westinghouse Corporation</i>, 86-1 ARB. ¶ 8143 (CCH), 1985. S. H. Sergent, <i>Southern Gravure Service, Inc.</i>, 89-2 ARB. ¶ 8469 (CCH), 1989. C. G. Statham, <i>Honeywell, Inc.</i>, 90-1 ARB. ¶ 8186 (CCH), 1989. C. R. Deitsch, South Bend Lathe, Inc., 90-1 ARB. ¶ 8276 (CCH), 1990. E. W. Bankston, <i>AFLC, Warner Robins ALC</i>, 90-1 ARB. ¶ 8202 (CCH), 1990. R. H. Strasshofer, <i>Joseph & Feiss Company</i>, 85-2 ARB. ¶ 8526 (CCH), 1985. G. Cohen, <i>Longmont Turkey Processors, Inc.</i>, 85-1 ARB. ¶ 8197 (CCH) [same case reported at 84 Lab. Arb. 638], 1985. E. J. Wyman, <i>Phoenix Transit System</i>, 90-1 ARB. ¶ 8269 (CCH), 1990. A. L. Belcher, <i>Moog Automotive, Inc.</i>, 89-2 ARB. ¶ 8464 (CCH), 1989. E. Robbins, <i>Jamaica Water Supply Company</i>, 90-1 ARB. ¶ 8040 (CCH), 1989. L. L. Byars, <i>Georgia Power Co.</i>, 87 Lab. Arb. 800 (BNA), 1986. F. J. Taylor, <i>Howard Industries</i>, 88-1 ARB. ¶ 8210 (CCH), 1988. G. A. Fowler, <i>Eden Village Care Center</i>, 89-1 ARB. ¶ 8112 (CCH), 1988. F. L. Denson, <i>Metropolitan Hospital</i>, 82-2 ARB. ¶ 8451 (CCH), 1982. C. R. Milentz, <i>U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service</i>, 87-1 ARB. ¶ 8304 (CCH), 1987. F. P. Kessler, <i>M. B. Company, Inc. of Wisconsin</i>, 90-1 ARB. ¶ 8017 (CCH), 1989. H. G. D'Spain, <i>Golden Eagle Distributors, Inc.</i>, 85 Lab. Arb. 279 (BNA), 1985. W. E. Riker, <i>Security Contractor Services</i>, 90 Lab. Arb. 228 (BNA) [same case reported at 87-2 ARB. ¶ 8532], 1987. R. R. Rivera, <i>Budd Company</i>, 85-2 ARB. ¶ 8622 (CCH), 1985. A. L. Goldman, <i>Jeffboat, Incorporated</i>, 82-1 ARB. ¶ 8053 (CCH), 1981. B. B. Laybourne, <i>American Packaging Corporation</i>, 83 Lab. Arb. 369 (BNA), 1984. M. G. House, <i>Calhoun Foundry Company, Inc.</i>, 90-2 ARB. ¶ 8596 (CCH), 1990. E. M. Curry, <i>Evenflo Products Co.</i>, 89-1 ARB. ¶ 8121 (CCH), 1988. J. E. Williams, <i>Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, Houston Chemical Plant</i>, 86-1 ARB. ¶ 8121 (CCH), 1985. J. E. Williams, <i>Engineer Construction International</i>, 84 Lab. Arb. 11 (BNA), 1984. B. M. Goodstein, <i>Safeway Stores, Incorporated</i>, 82-1 ARB. ¶ 8067 (CCH), 1981. G. R. McKay, <i>Silva Harvesting, Inc.</i>, 81-2 ARB. ¶ 8575 (CCH), 1981. R. Groshong, <i>Tennessee Chemical Company</i>, 86-1 ARB ¶ 8319 (CCH), 1985. P. W. Rothschild, <i>Westinghouse Beverage Group, 7-Up/RC, Southern California</i>, 87-2 ARB. ¶ 8419 (CCH), 1987. M. Ross, <i>St. Louis County Water Company</i>, 83-1 ARB. ¶ 8238 (CCH), 1983. B. H. Cantor, <i>Progroup, Inc.</i>, 84-2 ARB. ¶ 8607 (CCH), 1984. J. Wilcox, <i>Waterman Industries, Inc.</i>, 90-1 ARB. ¶ 8249 (CCH), 1989. J. F. Caraway, <i>Transit Management of Southeast Louisiana, Inc.</i>, 85-1 ARB. ¶ 8273 (CCH), 1985. D. L. Howell, <i>Diesel Re Con Company</i>, 88-2 ARB. ¶ 8527 (CCH), 1988. R. W. Smedley, <i>Wilton Corporation</i>, 85 Lab. Arb. 667 (BNA), 1985. R. S. Weisinger, <i>CBS, Inc.</i>, 88-2 ARB. ¶ 8603 (CCH), 1988. D. G. Jacobowski, <i>Black Hills Power & Light</i>, 85-2 ARB. ¶ 8392 (CCH), 1985. W. P. Daniel, <i>Industrial Phosphating Company</i>, 87 Lab. Arb. 877 (BNA), 1986. H. Bernhardt, <i>Gwaltney of Smithfield, Inc.</i>, 81 Lab. Arb. 241 (BNA), 1983. C. R. Milentz, <i>Flowers Baking Company of Port Arthur, Inc.</i>, 84-1 ARB. ¶ 8100 (CCH), 1984. J. J. Mikrut, <i>Westport Playhouse, Inc.</i>, 85-1 ARB. ¶ 8222 (CCH), 1985. C. R. Milentz, <i>Eagle International, Inc.</i>, 85-1 ARB. ¶ 8181 (CCH), 1985. J. M. Klein, <i>Alan A. Smith Company</i>, 90-1 ARB. ¶ 8204 (CCH), 1989. C. H. Frost, <i>Dobbs Furniture Co.</i>, 89-1 ARB. ¶ 8478 (CCH), 1988. R. Groshong, <i>General Tire Company</i>, 88-1 ARB. ¶ 8250 (CCH), 1987. C. S. LaCugna, <i>Northwestern Drug Company</i>, 87-1 ARB. ¶ 8241 (CCH), 1987. J. E. Williams, <i>Owens-Illinois, Inc., Forest Products Group</i>, 84-2 ARB. ¶ 8340 (CCH), 1984. F. L. Denson, <i>Bonenblust and Buckman, Inc.</i>, 82-1 ARB. ¶ 8075 (CCH), 1981. S. M. Yarowsky, <i>Hertz Penske Truck Leasing</i>, 86-2 ARB. ¶ 8611 (CCH), 1986. F. J. Taylor, <i>Union Oil Company of California, Beaumont Refinery</i>, 83-2 ARB. ¶ 8614 (CCH), 1983. W. W. Gardiner, <i>National Metal Products Company</i>, 90-1 ARB. ¶ 8271 (CCH), 1990. F. J. Taylor, <i>Ethyl Corporation, Houston Plant</i>, 87-1 ARB. ¶ 8111 (CCH), 1986. R. Groshong, <i>National Aeronautics & Space Administration</i>, 82 Lab. Arb. 1020 (BNA), 1984. H. C. Wilmoth, <i>Lucky Stores, Inc.</i>, 88-1 ARB. ¶ 8292 (CCH), 1988. J. Dworkin, <i>Buckeye Rubber Products, Inc.</i>, 86-1 ARB. ¶ 8288 (CCH), 1986. B. J. Baroni, <i>Vector Cable Company</i>, 83-2 ARB. ¶ 8340 (CCH), 1983. F. Elkouri & E. A. Elkouri, <i>How Arbitration Works</i>, Washington: BNA, Inc., 1973. S. J. Nicholas, <i>Southern Iron and Metal</i>, 83-1 ARB. ¶ 8043 (CCH), 1982. G. Cohen, <i>Emerson Electric Company</i>, 84-1 ARB. ¶ 8089 (CCH), 1984. A. Rothstein, <i>City of Hanford [California]</i>, 82 Lab. Arb. 1202 (BNA) [same case reported at 84-2 ARB. ¶ 8344], 1984. J. G. Greene, <i>United States Department of Justice, Immigration and Naturalization Service</i>, 81-2 ARB. ¶ 8371 (CCH), 1981. E. W. Garnholz, <i>Berwind Railway Service Company</i>, 89-1 ARB. ¶ 8259 (CCH), 1988. R. H. Kubic, <i>Shop 'N Save Warehouse Foods, Inc.</i>, 85-1 ARB. ¶ 8017 (CCH), 1984. A. S. McCausland, <i>Boise Cascade Corporation</i>, 85-2 ARB. ¶ 8351 (CCH), 1985. C. D. VerPloeg, <i>City of Granite Falls, Minnesota</i>, 90-1 ARB. ¶ 8049 (CCH), 1989. H. Hoffman, <i>City of Boca Raton, Florida</i>, 81-2 ARB. ¶ 8563 (CCH), 1981. P. L. Stutz, <i>Times Fiber Communications, Inc.</i>, 84-2 ARB. ¶ 8576 (CCH), 1984. L. Weiss, <i>City of Los Angeles, Harbor Department</i>, 85-1 ARB. ¶ 8221 (CCH), 1985. <i>Pickering v. Board of Education</i>, 391 U.S. 563 (1968). L. Richman, <i>Las Vegas Building Materials, Inc.</i>, 84-2 ARB. ¶ 8597 (CCH), 1984. M. Rotenberg, <i>City of Omaha, Nebraska</i>, 90-1 ARB. ¶ 8274 (CCH), 1990. T. H. Hemer, <i>Inspiration Consolidated Copper</i>, 84-1 ARB. ¶ 8133 (CCH), 1984. W. P. McCoy, <i>International Harvester Co.</i>, 16 Lab. Arb. 307 (BNA), 1951. T. A. Bethel, <i>Naval Avionics Center</i>, 90-2 ARB. ¶ 8470 (CCH), 1990. M. Volz, <i>Trans-City Terminal Warehouse, Inc.</i>, 90-2 ARB. ¶ 8362 (CCH), 1990. J. F. White, <i>Dalfort Corporation</i>, 85-2 ARB. ¶ 8395 (CCH), 1985. E. W. Bankston, <i>Howard Industries</i>, 89-2 ARB. ¶ 8457 (CCH), 1988. B. H. Cantor, <i>Fruehauf Corporation, Fruehauf Division</i>, 85-1 ARB. ¶ 8170 (CCH), 1985. W. O. Eisler, <i>Bennett Paper Corporation</i>, 90-2 ARB. ¶ 8569 (CCH), 1990. P. E. Fitzsimmons, <i>Mitch Murch's Maintenance Management Company</i>, 81 Lab. Arb. 1021 (BNA), 1983. R. Tilbury, <i>Freightliner Corporation</i>, 90-2 ARB. ¶ 8547 (CCH), 1990. L. C. Kesselman, <i>Cumberland Chemical Corp.</i>, 44 LA (BNA) 289, 293-294, 1965. E. Scholtz, <i>Rockwell International Corporation</i>, 88 Lab. Arb. 418 (BNA), 1986. W. P. Daniel, <i>Detroit Baseball Club</i>, 84-2 ARB. ¶ 8466 (CCH), 1984. R. H. Strasshofer, <i>Hobart Corporation, Dayton Scale Division</i>, 88 Lab. Arb. 512 (BNA), 1986. N. Lipson, <i>Checker Motors Corporation</i>, 89-2RB. ¶ 8448 (CCH), 1986. J. J. Odom, <i>Douglas & Lomason Company</i>, 90 Lab. Arb. 1302 (BNA), 1988. S. C. Madden, <i>U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Prison System</i>, 87-2 ARB. ¶ 8489 (CCH), 1987. F. J. Taylor, <i>Lockheed Corporation</i>, 83 Lab. Arb. 1018 (BNA), 1984. H. Nathan, <i>Southern Indiana Gas & Electric Company</i>, 85 Lab. Arb. 716 (BNA), 1985. W. P. Daniel, <i>Jackson Hillsdale Community Mental Health Board</i>, 87-1 ARB. ¶ 8109 (CCH), 1986. C. C. Briscoe, <i>Shell Oil Company</i>, 81 Lab. Arb. 1205 (BNA), 1983. W. E. Bennett, <i>Shell Oil Company</i>, 85-1 ARB. ¶ 8291 (CCH), 1985. C. R. Milentz, <i>Shell Oil Company, Dear Part Manufacturing Complex</i>, 84 Lab. Arb. 562 (BNA), 1985. H. Bernhardt, <i>Vulcan-Hart Corporation</i>, 86-1, ARB. ¶ 8125 (CCH), 1986. J. B. Rocha, <i>Astro-Valcour</i>, 89-2 ARB. ¶ 8545 (CCH), 1989. W. L. Heekin, <i>Kahn's and Company</i>, 89-2 ARB. ¶ 8343 (CCH), 1989. R. D. Cromwell, <i>Climate Control/McQuay Snyder General Corporation</i>, 89 Lab. Arb. 1062 (BNA), 1987. A. D. Allen, <i>Air Treads, Inc.</i>, 86 Lab. Arb. 545 (BNA), 1986. T. J. Hewitt, <i>Bacharach Instrument Company, Division of AMBAC Industries, Inc.</i>, 85-2 ARB. ¶ 8558 (CCH), 1985. F. R. Bolte, <i>John W. Galbreath & Company, Inc.</i>, 85-2 ARB. ¶ 8581 (CCH) [same case reported at 85 Lab. Arb. 575], 1985. P. D. Staudohar, <i>Safeway Stores, Inc.</i>, 84-1 ARB (CCH) ¶ 8220, 1984. D. G. Jacobowski, <i>Steiger Tractor, Inc.</i>, 83 Lab. Arb. 966 (BNA), 1984. J. C. Duff, <i>Mobile Oil Corporation, Paulsboro, Refinery</i>, 84-1 ARB. ¶ 8093 (CCH), 1983. P. D. Staudohar, <i>Acme Reinforced Plastics, Inc.</i>, 82-2 ARB. ¶ 8585 (CCH), 1982. R. Goetz, <i>Gill Studios, Inc.</i>, 82-2 ARB. ¶ 8328 (CCH), 1982. R. A. Ratner, <i>Kimberly-Clark Corporation</i>, 87-2 ARB. ¶ 8315 (CCH), 1987. M. R. Darrow, <i>Gemco Membership Department Stores</i>, 86-2 ARB. ¶ 8498 (CCH), 1986. G. T. Roumell, <i>Visiting Nurses Association of Detroit</i>, 87-1 ARB. ¶ 8200 (CCH), 1986. P. W. Rothschild, <i>M&S Pipe & Supply Company</i>, 85-1 ARB. ¶ 8022 (CCH), 1984. M. D. Keefe, <i>Trizec Properties, Inc.</i>, 87-2 ARB. ¶ 8324 (CCH), 1987. L. L. Byars, <i>Lily Tulip, Inc.</i>, 86-1 ARB. ¶ 8151 (CCH), 1986. J. S. Thorp, <i>Schmutz Manufacturing Company, Inc.</i>, 84-2 ARB. ¶ 8513 (CCH), 1984. M. L. Newmark, <i>Thompson Culvert Company</i>, 84-1 ARB. ¶ 8077 (CCH), 1984. R. T. Castrey, <i>Baskin-Robbins, Inc.</i>, 88-1 ARB. ¶ 8189 (CCH), 1987. P. M. Kelliher, <i>Sanyo Manufacturing Company</i>, 85 Lab. Arb. 207 (BNA) [same case reported at 85-2 ARB. ¶ 8402], 1985. E. C. Stephens, <i>Simkins Industries, Inc.</i>, 85-2 ARB. ¶ 8407 (CCH), 1985. A. D. Allen, <i>Mobil Oil Corporation</i>, 82-1 ARB. ¶ 8050 (CCH), 1981. S. L. Hayford, <i>Arch of Illinois, Inc., Captain Mine</i>, 84-1 ARB. ¶ 8191 (CCH), 1984. R. J. Mueller, <i>Kelvinator Commercial Products</i>, 81-2 ARB. ¶ 8557 (CCH), 1981. R. Bressler, <i>Cascade Corporation</i>, 82 Lab. Arb. 313 (BNA), 1984. L. Modjeska, <i>Collins Packing Company</i>, 84-1 ARB. ¶ 8035 (CCH), 1983. M. Feldman, <i>Continental Forest Industries, Corrugated Division</i>, 83-2 ARB. ¶ 8363 (CCH), 1983.