10.2190/ND6V-456T-K8JG-WC7E ND6V456TK8JGWC7E 211 RELIGIOUS ACCOMMODATION PRINCIPLES FOR EMPLOYERS 211 225 20020923 20020923 20020923 20020923 ND6V456TK8JGWC7E.pdf http://baywood.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&id=ND6V456TK8JGWC7E 3 HENRY M. FINDLEY EARL INGRAM GORDON AMSLER Troy State University, Alabama Over the past decade, the number of religious accommodation lawsuits against employers has risen. Consequently, there is a need for employers to improve their understanding of the intricacies of religious accommodation to prevent unnecessary legal costs and lost productivity. A review of over 100 religious civil rights cases reveals many motivational and legal pitfalls for employers. From this review, we have derived a set of principles that employers may use as guides to minimize their legal and motivational exposures. TWA v. Hardison, 432 U.S. 63, 97 S. Ct. 2264 (1977). Balint, L. v. Carson City, Nevada, 180 F.3d 1047 (9th Cir. 1999). Cummings v. Parker Seal Company, 516 F.2d 544 (6th Cir. 1975). Tiano v. Dillard Department Stores, Inc., 139 F.3d 679 (9th Cir. 1998). Brown v. General Motors, 601 F.2d 956 (8th Cir. 1979). Wessling v. Kroger Co., 554 F. Supp. 548 (E.D. Mich. 1982). EEOC v. Townly Engineering & Manufacturing Company, 859 F.2d (9th Cir. 1988). Redmond v. GAF Corp., 574 F.2d 897, (7th Cir. 1978). Brener v. Diagnostic Center Hospital, 671 F.2d 141 (5th Cir. 1982). Banks v. Service America Corp., 952 F.Supp. 703 (D.Kan 1996). Miller v. Drennon, 966 F.2d 1443 (4th Cir. 1992). Ansonia v. Philbrook, 479 U.S. 60; 107 S. Ct. 367 (1986). Calloway v. Gimbel Brothers, U.S. District Court Eastern Pennsylvania 1979, LEXIS 12016. Draper v. US Pipe & Foundry Co., 527 F.2d 515 (6th Cir. 1775). Bruff v. North Mississippi Health Services (5th Cir. 2001) LEXIS 4977. Smith v. Pyro Mining Company, 827 F.2d 1081 (6th Cir. 1987). Heller v. EBB Auto Co., 8 F.3d 1433 (9th Cir. 1993). EEOC v. J. P. Stevens & Co., 740 F.Supp. 1135 (M.D.N.C. 1990). EEOC v. Ilona of Hungary, 108 F.3d 1569 (7th Cir. 1997). EEOC v. Arlington v. Transit Mix, 957 F.ed 219 (6th Cir. 1991). D. D. Bennett-Alexander and L. B. Pincus, Employment Law for Business, 2nd ed., New York: Irwin McGraw-Hill, pp. 357-391, 1997. Fowler v. Rhode Island, 97 L. Ed. 828 (1953). Wren v. T.I.M.E.-D.C. Inc., 595 F.2d 441 (8th Cir. 1979). Cooper v. Oak Rubber Company, 15 F.3d 1375 (6th Cir. 1994). Wright v. Runyon, 2 F.3d 214 (7th Cir. 1993). Lee v. ABF Freight System, 22 F.3d 1019 (10th Cir. 1994). L. Sovereign, Personnel Law, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, p. 185, 1994. Weber v. Roadway Express, 199 F.3d 270 (5th Cir. 2000). EEOC v. Sambo's of Georgia, Inc., 27 FEP 1210 (D.C.N.D. Ga.). Bhatia v. Chevron U.S.A., 754 F.2d 1382 (9th Cir. 1984). M. D. Malone, S. J. Hartman, and D. Payne, Religion in the Workplace: How Much is Too Much? Labor Law Journal, Vol. 49, No. 6, pp. 1074-1081, 1998. Toledo v. Nobel-Sysco, Inc., 892 F.ed 1481 (10th Cir. 1989). P. Digh, Religion in the Workplace: Make a Good-Faith Effort to Accommodate, HR Magazine, Vol. 43, No. 13, pp. 84-91, Dec. 1998. Brown v. Polk County, 61 F.3d 650 (8th Cir. 1995). Benton v. Carded Graphics Incorporated, 28 F.3d, 1208 (4th Cir. 1994). Chalmers v. Tulon Co., 101 F.3d 1012, (4th Cir. 1996). Dixon v. Omaha, 385 F. Supp. 1382 (U.S. Dist. 1974). EEOC v. Hacienda Hotel, 881 F.2d 1504 (9th Cir. 1989). Shelton v. University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey, 223 F.3d 220 (3rd Cir. 2000). Wilson v. U.S. West Communication, 58 F.3d 1337 (10th Cir. 1995). M. D. Malone, S. J. Hartman, and D. Payne, Religion in the Workplace: Specific Accommodations Scheduling and Personal Appearance, Labor Law Journal, Vol. 49, No. 6, pp. 1082-1189, 1998. EEOC Guidelines, Sec. 1605. http://www.eeoc.gov/facts/fs-relig.html. U.S. v. City of Albuquerque, 545 F.2d 110 (10th Cir. 1976). Frazee v. Illinois Dept. of Public Security, 489 U.S., 49 FEP CASES (BNA) 469 (1990). Reid v. Kraft General Foods, Inc., Breyers Co., Inc., and Unilever, U.S. District Court, Eastern PA, 1995, LEXIS 5595. Fraternal Order of Police Newark Lodge No. 12; Faruq Abdul-Aziz; Sahakoor Mustafa v. City of Newark; Newark Police Department; Joseph J. Santiago, Newark Police Director; Thomas C. O'Reilly, Newark Chief of Police, 170 F.3d 359 (3rd Cir. 1999). M. D. Malone, S. J. Hartman, and D. Payne, Religion in the Workplace: Religious Activities on the Job, Labor Law Journal, Vol. 49, No. 6, pp. 1190-1198, 1998. J. Kurtz, E. Davis, and J. Asquith, Religions Get New Attention. HR Focus, Vol. 73, No. 8, July 1996. Civil Rights Act, 42 US Sec. J. (1964). Cooper v. General Dynamics, 533 F.2d 163, 168 (5th Cir. 1976). Boateng v. State of California, 95 F.3d 1461 (9th Cir. 1996).