Intervention Sample total Outcome measures Effect size value—between groups Study 1, MST versus SAU (Henggeler et al., 1999) 118 Personal experiences inventory: alcohol/marijuana and other drugs; self-reported delinquency Posttreatment     Substance use = 0.38     Externalizing = 0.09 6 months     Substance use = 0.10     Externalizing = 0.09 Study 2, IT versus CBT (Kaminer et al., 1998, 1999) 32 Teen addiction severity index: substance use, psychological Posttreatment (3 months)     Substance use = –0.35     Internalizing = 0.30 15 months     Substance use = –0.14     Internalizing = 0.30 Study 3, FBT versus ICPS (Azrin et al., 2001) 56 Days using drugs; parent and youth happiness with parent and youth scales: drug use, illicit behavior, total scale; life satisfaction scale: drug use, total scale score; child behavior checklist: delinquency; youth self-report: delinquency; Eyberg problem behavior inventory: problem, intensity; frequency of arrest; Beck depression inventory Posttreatment     Substance use = 0.21     Externalizing = –0.02     Internalizing = 0.16 6 months     Substance use = 0.15     Externalizing = –0.35     Internalizing = 0.28 Study 4, CBT versus PET (Kaminer et al., 2002) 88 Teen addiction severity index: alcohol problems, substance-abuse problems, psychological Posttreatment (3 months)     Substance use = 0.13     Internalizing = 0.03 9 months     Substance use = –0.02     Internalizing = 0.20 Study 5, EBFT versus SAU (Slesnick et al., 2005) 124 POSIT; days use of drugs and alcohol Posttreatment     Substance use = 0.02     Externalizing = –0.29     Internalizing = –0.15 6 months     Substance use = –0.02     Externalizing = –0.18     Internalizing = –0.12 12 months     Substance use = –0.03     Externalizing = –0.12     Internalizing = –0.15 Study 6, SS versus SAU (Najavits et al., in press) Personal experiences inventory: effects from drug use, social benefits of drug use, polydrug use, psychological benefits of drug use, transitional drug use, preoccupation with drugs, loss of control, deviant behavior; adolescent psychopathology scale: substance-use disorder, somatization, major depression, self-concept; trauma symptom checklist for children's sexual concerns, sexual distress Posttreatment     Substance use = 0.94     Externalizing = 0.83     Internalizing = 0.10 3 months     Substance use = 0.03     Externalizing = 0.59     Internalizing = –0.30