Innate Immunity in Alzheimer's Disease

FIGURE 6:

Activation of innate immunity in multiple disease states as indicated by induced levels of complement proteins.

A. Levels of complement protein C9 in three distinct brain regions from patients with Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease.

B. Levels of complement protein C1q in diseases of disparate organs.

^a As determined by mRNA analysis; units are arbitrary and values are normalized.

^b Results are similar for analysis of complement protein C1q.

^c Levels of C9 in Parkinson's disease are highest in the substantia nigra (data not shown), the primary pathological target.