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Table of Contents
April-June 2016
Volume 11 | Issue 2
Page Nos. 35-61
Online since Friday, July 1, 2016
Accessed 2,785 times.
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
A cross-sectional study on the association between obesity and changes in the dimensions of the lumbar vertebral column
p. 35
Sally Ahmed Magzoub, Qurashi Mohamed Ali
DOI
:10.4103/1858-5000.185228
Aim:
Obesity is considered a major public health problem and is becoming very common among the population. Impacts of obesity include increased load and weight bearing on the vertebral column, possibly causing alterations in its structure to maintain stability and subsequent disabling lower back pain (LBP). The present study aimed at investigating the association of overweight and obesity with alterations in the lumbar vertebral column as well as LBP.
Methodology:
Thirty female attendants of the clinic were interviewed with the Roland Disability Questionnaire and specific angles were measured on their lateral lumbosacral X-rays.
Results:
Changes in the lumbar vertebral column in both the control and study groups were found, but the association of obesity was only significant with vertebral body height of L2, L3, and L5 as well as the back pain disability score.
Discussion:
The results obtained from this study were comparable and in line with what has been found from previous studies in this field, namely an association between obesity and disabling LBP. While changes in the lumbar angles could not exclusively be correlated with a higher body mass index, changes in the lumbar vertebral height were found to be significantly correlated.
Conclusion:
Obesity in Sudanese females attending the physiotherapy clinic in Ribat National University Hospital has been proven to be associated with disabling back pain and specific radiographic changes in the lumbar vertebral column. Obesity and its risks on the vertebral column is an association that leaves room for a wide range of studies that should be conducted on a larger scale for more applicable results.
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Bilateral optic neuritis as the presenting symptom of multiple sclerosis
p. 41
Masoud Etemadifar, Seyed Ali Sonbolestan, Mehrdad Goodarzi, Zahra-Abtahi Sadat
DOI
:10.4103/1858-5000.185229
Background:
Optic neuritis (ON) is one of the earliest manifestations of multiple sclerosis (MS). The prevalence of bilateral ON (BON) as the presenting symptom is not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of BON as the presenting symptom in MS and compare it with unilateral ON (UON).
Subjects and Methods:
In this study, two groups of definite MS patients according to the McDonald's criteria were enrolled: Thirty patients with BON and fifty persons with UON (selected randomly from all of the UON patients) as the presenting manifestation. The patients' data were collected from the Isfahan MS Society Registry. The SPSS 22 software was used for analysis of the data.
P
<0.05 considered as significant.
Results:
Thirty of 3972 MS patients presented with BON. The mean of their ages was 26.00 ± 6.29 in BON and 30.10 ± 8.25 in UON group (
P
= 0.015). Twenty-five of BON patients were females, and five were males and in the UON group, 42 were females, and eight were males. Expanded disability status scale was 1.83 ± 1.17 in BON and 1.84 ± 1.25 in UON group (
P
= 0.975). The severities of relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) (in pluses) were 2.00 ± 0.52 and 1.43 ± 0.72 in two groups, respectively.
Conclusions:
The prevalence of BON as the presenting symptom was about 0.7%. The patients who presented with BON were younger at the time of diagnosis when they were compared with those who diagnosed with UON and also had a more severe RAPD. BON could be considered as one of the important presenting manifestations of MS.
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Cancellation of elective surgical operations in a teaching hospital at Khartoum Bahri, Sudan
p. 45
Ismat Mohamed Mutwali, Azer M Abbass, Ibrahim Salih Elkheir, Sami S Arbab, Adil Bur, Tilal Geregandi
DOI
:10.4103/1858-5000.185230
Introduction:
Cancellation of elective surgical operations is common, and most of these cancellations are due to preventable causes. Cancellation of operations increases cost and decreases efficiency. It wastes time and resources and causes emotional distress to the patients and their families.
Aims and Objectives:
The aims of this study were to investigate and analyze the reasons of cancellation of surgical operations, establish its extent, and suggest solutions. A prospective observational, hospital-based study conducted at Khartoum Bahri Teaching Hospital during a period of 1 year.
Methodology:
The study subjects included all patients, of all ages, both genders, scheduled for surgery from all surgical subspecialties except emergency, trauma operations, ophthalmology, obstetrics/gynecology, and cardiothoracic operations.
Results:
A total of 3990 patients were scheduled for surgery during 48 weeks. A total of 3185 operations were performed (79.8%), and 805 (20.2%) operations were canceled or postponed on the day of operation. The overall patients' related causes of cancellations accounted for more than 2/3 (68.28%). The major reason of cancellation of elective surgical operations (35.5%) was patients not attending to the surgery. Chronic medical diseases accounted for 21.97%. Lack of time was the reason of cancellation in 9.93%. Cancellation causes related to administration were 9.4%.
Conclusion:
Clinics for preoperative evaluation, timely communication, and prompt reminding of patients are effective measures for reducing the cancellation rate. Late cancellations of elective surgery will always be present due to intercurrent diseases, work commitment, and social obligations of the health care providers and patients
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Fetal and maternal complications of malaria at N'Djamena South District Hospital (Chad)
p. 53
Gabkika Bray Madoue, Fankep Djomo Carine, Tchoubou Brai Madoue, Ngakinda Ganda
DOI
:10.4103/1858-5000.185232
Background:
Malaria infection in pregnancy is a major risk factor for maternal and child health and, substantially, increases the risk of miscarriage, stillbirth, and low birth weight.
Objective:
Identify fetal and maternal complications of malaria and curb the spread of this preventable infectious disease.
Materials and Methods:
This was a prospective and analytic survey of 8 months. The study sample consisted of two groups: (1) the study group composed with pregnant women admitted for symptomatic or asymptomatic malaria and (2) the control group in which of three malaria negative pregnant women were recorded after every malaria positive case. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0.
P
< 0.05 was used.
Results:
We recorded 200 patients admitted for malaria among 1220 patients, giving incidence of 16.4%. The majority of pregnant women (48%) (
P
= 0.0001) had not attended antenatal consultation. Half of patients (
P
= 0035) did not receive malaria preventive treatment during pregnancy. Eighty-six patients (43%) declared using insecticide-treated bed nets. The majority (186/200, i.e. 93%) had positive malaria rapid test. The microscopic examination showed
Plasmodium falciparum
malaria in 84%. The majority of patients (89%) received quinine. Sixty-one patients (30.5%) presented anemia. One mother died giving a death rate of 0.5%. Main fetal complications were of low birth weight (12.5%,
P
= 0.016) and intrauterine growth restriction (9%
P
= 0.026).
Conclusion:
Malaria remains a frequent infectious disease during pregnancy. Sensitizations for antenatal consultations are useful to improve malaria management.
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CASE REPORTS
Capillary hemangioma of the breast in a Sudanese child
p. 59
Saadeldin Ahmed Idris, Kamal Elzaki Elsiddig
DOI
:10.4103/1858-5000.185231
Capillary hemangiomas of the beast in female children is a very rare pathology. In the literature, there are only three cases reported with this pathology. We report an 11 months girl presented with an enlarged left breast (or areola) and was initially diagnosed as a case of an inadequately treated neonatal mastitis, but later on, on performing an incisional biopsy it proved to be a capillary hemangioma.
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