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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">SMF</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Schweizerisches Medizin-Forum</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1661-6146</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">1661-6138</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>EMH Schweizerischer Ärzteverlag AG</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>Farnsburgerstrasse 8
CH-4132 Muttenz</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">08420</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4414/fms.2020.08420</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <!-- rubric -->
        <subj-group subj-group-type="Article Type">
          <subject>Was ist Ihre Diagnose?</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <!-- topics -->
        <subj-group subj-group-type="Classification">
          <subject>Allergologie / Immunologie</subject>
          <subject>Hämatologie</subject>
          <subject>Infektiologie</subject>
          <subject>Labormedizin</subject>
          <subject>Syndrome</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Une fièvre persistante</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib id="author-1" contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid"/>
          <name>
            <surname>Robert</surname>
            <given-names>Julie</given-names>
          </name>
          <email/>
          <aff>Service de médecine interne, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois (CHUV), Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib id="author-2" contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid"/>
          <name>
            <surname>Sartori</surname>
            <given-names>Claudio</given-names>
          </name>
          <email/>
          <aff>Service de médecine interne, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois (CHUV), Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib id="author-3" contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid"/>
          <name>
            <surname>Grandoni</surname>
            <given-names>Francesco</given-names>
          </name>
          <email/>
          <aff>Service d’hématologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois (CHUV), Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib id="author-4" contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid"/>
          <name>
            <surname>Lu</surname>
            <given-names>Henri</given-names>
          </name>
          <email>henri.lu@chuv.ch</email>
          <aff>Rue du Bugnon 17 | Lausanne | 1011 | SWITZERLAND | +41799446782</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020.02.11">
        <day>11</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>20</volume>
      <issue>0708</issue>
      <fpage>103</fpage>
      <lpage>105</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Copyright: EMH Schweizerischer Ärzteverlag AG</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder>EMH Schweizerischer Ärzteverlag AG</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">
          <license-p>"Swiss Medical Forum" is an open access publication of EMH published in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons licence attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives 4.0 International. You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format under the following terms:</license-p>
          <license-p>Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.</license-p>
          <license-p>NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.</license-p>
          <license-p>NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.</license-p>
          <license-p>"Non-commercial" means not primarily intended for or directed towards commercial advantage or monetary compensation. The incorporation of publications in commercial products, the use of publications to advertise for commercial products or services and any other usage that directly or indirectly pursues commercial interests is subject to the express previous consent of the publishing house as part of a written agreement.</license-p>
          <license-p>Please send us your request in writing. Exact indication of the publication from which you would like to reproduce material and detailed information about its intended use help to facilitate and expedite request processing.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract abstract-type="article" xml:lang="fr">&lt;p&gt;Le SAM, commun&amp;eacute;ment appel&amp;eacute; hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis dans la litt&amp;eacute;rature anglo-saxonne, est une maladie multi-syst&amp;eacute;mique caus&amp;eacute;e par une d&amp;eacute;r&amp;eacute;gulation de la r&amp;eacute;ponse cellulaire cytotoxique (cellules natural killer ou NK et lymphocytes T CD8+) et responsable d&amp;rsquo;une s&amp;eacute;cr&amp;eacute;tion incontr&amp;ocirc;l&amp;eacute;e de cytokines (on parle &amp;laquo;&amp;nbsp;d&amp;rsquo;orage cytokinique&amp;nbsp;&amp;raquo;), qui induit &amp;agrave; son tour une r&amp;eacute;action inflammatoire majeure. C&amp;rsquo;est une entit&amp;eacute; rare avec une incidence variant entre 0.9 et 3.6 cas pour 1 000 000 d&amp;rsquo;individus selon les s&amp;eacute;ries, mais probablement sous-diagnostiqu&amp;eacute;e (1). Certains des &amp;eacute;l&amp;eacute;ments cliniques et paracliniques aidant au diagnostic peuvent manquer au d&amp;eacute;but du syndrome, d&amp;rsquo;o&amp;ugrave; l&amp;rsquo;int&amp;eacute;r&amp;ecirc;t de r&amp;eacute;p&amp;eacute;ter les examens, y compris le m&amp;eacute;dullogramme ou la PBM si la suspicion d&amp;rsquo;un SAM est forte. L&amp;rsquo;enqu&amp;ecirc;te &amp;eacute;tiologique doit &amp;ecirc;tre exhaustive. Le mauvais pronostic justifie une prise en charge agressive, qui reste cependant mal codifi&amp;eacute;e. La mortalit&amp;eacute;, les premi&amp;egrave;res semaines de la maladie, est en lien avec les multiples dysfonctions d&amp;rsquo;organe tandis que, plus tardivement, elle est corr&amp;eacute;l&amp;eacute;e avec la toxicit&amp;eacute; des traitements et l&amp;rsquo;apparition &amp;eacute;ventuelle d&amp;rsquo;infections opportunistes (2). L&amp;rsquo;&amp;eacute;volution spontan&amp;eacute;ment favorable reste rare&amp;nbsp;: chez notre patiente, l&amp;rsquo;absence d&amp;rsquo;une immunod&amp;eacute;pression sous-jacente, de comorbidit&amp;eacute;s ou ant&amp;eacute;c&amp;eacute;dents majeurs, ont probablement favoris&amp;eacute; une r&amp;eacute;mission rapide.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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