<?xml version="1.0" ?>
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  CLOCKSS system has permission to ingest, preserve, and serve this Archival Unit.
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<name doi="10.1601/nm.0" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/name">
  <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
    <name-status-group>
      <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.0" rank="root" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.0">Universal Root</identifier>
      <authority>Woese et al. 1990</authority>
      <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Universal Root" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.0" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
    </name-status-group>
  </nomenclature>
  <events>
    <event date="1990" reference="rid.7527" type="effective-publication" />
  </events>
  <taxon doi="10.1601/tx.0" rank="root" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/taxon">
    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <name-status-group>
        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.0" rank="root" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.0">Universal Root</identifier>
        <authority>Woese et al. 1990</authority>
        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Universal Root" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.0" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
      </name-status-group>
    </nomenclature>
    <nomenclatural-type xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common" />
    <taxonomic-equivalence />
    <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.0" rank="root">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.0" rank="root" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.0">Universal Root</identifier>
          <authority>Woese et al. 1990</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Universal Root" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.0" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </ancestor>
    <child doi="10.1601/tx.1" rank="domain">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.1" rank="domain" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.1">Archaea</identifier>
          <authority>Woese et al. 1990</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Archaea" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.1" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </child>
    <child doi="10.1601/tx.419" rank="domain">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.419" rank="domain" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.419">Bacteria</identifier>
          <authority>(None 2015) Woese et al. 1990</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Bacteria" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.419" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </child>
    <exemplars xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/exemplar" />
    <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
      <reference id="rid.7527">
        <citation citation-type="journal">
          <authors>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Woese</surname>
              <given-names>C.R.</given-names>
            </person-name>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Kandler</surname>
              <given-names>O.</given-names>
            </person-name>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Wheelis</surname>
              <given-names>M.L.</given-names>
            </person-name>
          </authors>
          <article-title>Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya</article-title>
          <year>1990</year>
          <volume>87</volume>
          <issue>12</issue>
          <fpage>4576</fpage>
          <lpage>4579</lpage>
          <source id="382">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</source>
          <abbrev>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</abbrev>
          <issn>0027-8424</issn>
          <essn>1091-6490</essn>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576</pub-id>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">2112744</pub-id>
        </citation>
      </reference>
    </bibliography>
    <annotation xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <snapshot date="2024-04-22" date-formatted="April 22, 2024" time="14:01:38" time-formatted="14:01 PM" />
      <modified curator="Charles Parker" date="2017-01-28" date-formatted="January 28, 2017" time="13:03:00" time-formatted="13:03 PM" />
      <created curator="NamesforLife Curator" date="2016-10-17" date-formatted="October 17, 2016" time="18:06:09" time-formatted="18:06 PM" />
    </annotation>
  </taxon>
  <synonyms>
    <synonyms-from />
    <synonyms-to>
      <synonym date="1990" from="10.1601/nm.17950" reference="rid.7527" to="10.1601/nm.0" type="replacement">
        <name-status-group xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.17950" rank="class" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.17950">Schizomycetes</identifier>
          <authority>von Nägeli 1857 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Universal Root" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.0" illegitimate="true" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </synonym>
    </synonyms-to>
  </synonyms>
  <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
    <reference id="rid.7527">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Woese</surname>
            <given-names>C.R.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Kandler</surname>
            <given-names>O.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Wheelis</surname>
            <given-names>M.L.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya</article-title>
        <year>1990</year>
        <volume>87</volume>
        <issue>12</issue>
        <fpage>4576</fpage>
        <lpage>4579</lpage>
        <source id="382">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</source>
        <abbrev>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</abbrev>
        <issn>0027-8424</issn>
        <essn>1091-6490</essn>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576</pub-id>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">2112744</pub-id>
      </citation>
    </reference>
  </bibliography>
  <annotation xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
    <snapshot date="2024-04-22" date-formatted="April 22, 2024" time="14:01:38" time-formatted="14:01 PM" />
    <modified curator="Charles Parker" date="2017-01-28" date-formatted="January 28, 2017" time="13:03:00" time-formatted="13:03 PM" />
    <created curator="NamesforLife Curator" date="2016-10-17" date-formatted="October 17, 2016" time="18:05:12" time-formatted="18:05 PM" />
    <public-note>This unnamed taxon has no rank and serves as the root of the universal phylogenetic tree proposed by Woese et al. 1990.</public-note>
  </annotation>
</name>
