<?xml version="1.0" ?>
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<name doi="10.1601/nm.17941" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/name">
  <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
    <name-status-group>
      <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.17941" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.6310" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.6311" rank="order" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.17941">Mycobacteriales</identifier>
      <authority>Janke 1924 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Gupta 2019</authority>
      <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Actinomycetales" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5768" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
    </name-status-group>
  </nomenclature>
  <events>
    <event date="1980" reference="rid.1300" type="validation" />
    <event date="1924" reference="rid.10912" type="effective-publication" />
    <event date="2019" reference="rid.20959" type="emendation" />
  </events>
  <taxon doi="10.1601/tx.17941" rank="order" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/taxon">
    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <name-status-group>
        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.17941" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.6310" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.6311" rank="order" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.17941">Mycobacteriales</identifier>
        <authority>Janke 1924 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Gupta 2019</authority>
        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Actinomycetales" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5768" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
      </name-status-group>
    </nomenclature>
    <nomenclatural-type nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.6311" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <name-status-group>
        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.6310" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.10886" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.6311" rank="genus" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.6310">Mycobacterium</identifier>
        <authority>Lehmann and Neumann 1896 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Meehan et al. 2021</authority>
        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Mycobacterium" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.6310" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
      </name-status-group>
    </nomenclatural-type>
    <taxonomic-equivalence />
    <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.0" rank="root">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.0" rank="root" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.0">Universal Root</identifier>
          <authority>Woese et al. 1990</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Universal Root" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.0" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
      <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.419" rank="domain">
        <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <name-status-group>
            <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.419" rank="domain" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.419">Bacteria</identifier>
            <authority>(None 2015) Woese et al. 1990</authority>
            <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Bacteria" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.419" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
          </name-status-group>
        </nomenclature>
        <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.5711" rank="phylum">
          <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
            <name-status-group>
              <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5711" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.5771" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5772" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5711">Actinobacteria</identifier>
              <authority>(sic) Goodfellow 2021 non Actinobacteria Stackebrandt et al. 1997</authority>
              <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Actinomycetota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.39793" illegitimate="true" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
            </name-status-group>
            <name-status-group>
              <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.39793" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.5771" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5772" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5711">Actinomycetota</identifier>
              <authority>corrig. Goodfellow 2021</authority>
              <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Actinomycetota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.39793" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
            </name-status-group>
            <name-status-group>
              <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.31607" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.5771" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5772" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5711">Actinobacteriota</identifier>
              <authority>corrig. Goodfellow 2021</authority>
              <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Actinomycetota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.39793" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
            </name-status-group>
          </nomenclature>
          <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.17916" rank="class">
            <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
              <name-status-group>
                <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.17916" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.5768" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5772" rank="class" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.17916">Actinomycetes</identifier>
                <authority>Krasil'nikov 1949 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
                <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Actinomycetes" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.17916" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
              </name-status-group>
            </nomenclature>
            <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.5767" rank="subclass">
              <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                <name-status-group>
                  <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5767" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.5768" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5772" rank="subclass" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5767">Actinobacteridae</identifier>
                  <authority>Stackebrandt et al. 1997 emend. Zhi et al. 2009</authority>
                  <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Actinobacteridae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5767" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                </name-status-group>
              </nomenclature>
              <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.17941" rank="order">
                <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                  <name-status-group>
                    <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.17941" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.6310" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.6311" rank="order" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.17941">Mycobacteriales</identifier>
                    <authority>Janke 1924 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Gupta 2019</authority>
                    <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Actinomycetales" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5768" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                  </name-status-group>
                </nomenclature>
              </ancestor>
            </ancestor>
          </ancestor>
        </ancestor>
      </ancestor>
    </ancestor>
    <parent doi="10.1601/tx.5767" rank="subclass">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5767" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.5768" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5772" rank="subclass" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5767">Actinobacteridae</identifier>
          <authority>Stackebrandt et al. 1997 emend. Zhi et al. 2009</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Actinobacteridae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5767" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </parent>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.7675" rank="order">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7675" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.7677" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7678" rank="order" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7675">Bifidobacteriales</identifier>
          <authority>Stackebrandt et al. 1997 emend. Zhi et al. 2009</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Bifidobacteriales" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.7675" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.5768" rank="order">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5768" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.5771" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5772" rank="order" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5768">Actinomycetales</identifier>
          <authority>Buchanan 1917 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Salam et al. 2020</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Actinomycetales" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5768" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.17939" rank="order">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.17939" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.5828" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5829" rank="order" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.17939">Micrococcales</identifier>
          <authority>Prévot 1940 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Salam et al. 2020</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Actinomycetales" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5768" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <child doi="10.1601/tx.6309" rank="family">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.6309" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.6310" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.6311" rank="family" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.6309">Mycobacteriaceae</identifier>
          <authority>Chester 1897 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Gupta et al. 2018</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Mycobacteriaceae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.6309" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </child>
    <exemplars xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/exemplar" />
    <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
      <reference id="rid.10912">
        <citation citation-type="book">
          <authors>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Janke</surname>
              <given-names>A.</given-names>
            </person-name>
          </authors>
          <editors>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Janke</surname>
              <given-names>A.</given-names>
            </person-name>
          </editors>
          <article-title>Allgemeine Technische Mikrobiologie. I. Teil: Die Mikroorganismen</article-title>
          <year>1924</year>
          <edition>1</edition>
          <source id="1274">Allgemeine Technische Mikrobiologie. I. Teil: Die Mikroorganismen</source>
          <publisher-name>T. Steinkopf</publisher-name>
          <publisher-loc>Dresden and Leipzig</publisher-loc>
        </citation>
      </reference>
      <reference id="rid.4689">
        <citation citation-type="journal">
          <authors>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Stackebrandt</surname>
              <given-names>E.</given-names>
            </person-name>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Rainey</surname>
              <given-names>F.A.</given-names>
            </person-name>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Ward-Rainey</surname>
              <given-names>N.L.</given-names>
            </person-name>
          </authors>
          <article-title>Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov.</article-title>
          <year>1997</year>
          <volume>47</volume>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <fpage>479</fpage>
          <lpage>491</lpage>
          <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
          <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
          <issn>0020-7713</issn>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-47-2-479</pub-id>
        </citation>
      </reference>
    </bibliography>
    <annotation xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <snapshot date="2024-04-22" date-formatted="April 22, 2024" time="19:06:48" time-formatted="19:06 PM" />
      <modified curator="Charles Parker" date="2019-09-27" date-formatted="September 27, 2019" time="16:19:04" time-formatted="16:19 PM" />
      <created curator="Dorothea Rohlfs" date="2010-04-21" date-formatted="April 21, 2010" time="16:10:21" time-formatted="16:10 PM" />
      <curatorial-note>TODO (garrity): Gupta 2019 ignored the unification with Actinomycetales. He states "The order contains the families Corynebacteriaceae, Dietziaceae, Gordoniaceae, Lawsonellaceae, Mycobacteriaceae, Nocardiaceae, Segniliparaceae, and Tsukamurellaceae."</curatorial-note>
    </annotation>
  </taxon>
  <synonyms>
    <synonyms-from />
    <synonyms-to>
      <synonym date="1997" from="10.1601/nm.5768" reference="rid.4689" to="10.1601/nm.17941" type="unification">
        <name-status-group xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5768" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.5771" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5772" rank="order" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5768">Actinomycetales</identifier>
          <authority>Buchanan 1917 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Salam et al. 2020</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Actinomycetales" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5768" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </synonym>
    </synonyms-to>
  </synonyms>
  <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
    <reference id="rid.20959">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Gupta</surname>
            <given-names>R.S.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Commentary: Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria.</article-title>
        <year>2019</year>
        <volume>10</volume>
        <fpage>206</fpage>
        <lpage>206</lpage>
        <source id="1354">Frontiers in Microbiology</source>
        <abbrev>Front. Microbio.</abbrev>
        <essn>1664-302X</essn>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fmicb.2019.00206</pub-id>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">30853945</pub-id>
      </citation>
    </reference>
    <reference id="rid.10912">
      <citation citation-type="book">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Janke</surname>
            <given-names>A.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <editors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Janke</surname>
            <given-names>A.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </editors>
        <article-title>Allgemeine Technische Mikrobiologie. I. Teil: Die Mikroorganismen</article-title>
        <year>1924</year>
        <edition>1</edition>
        <source id="1274">Allgemeine Technische Mikrobiologie. I. Teil: Die Mikroorganismen</source>
        <publisher-name>T. Steinkopf</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>Dresden and Leipzig</publisher-loc>
      </citation>
    </reference>
    <reference id="rid.21396">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Tindall</surname>
            <given-names>B.J.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>On the status of the names Corynebacteriales Goodfellow and Jones 2015, Mycobacteriales Janke 1924 (Approved Lists 1980) and Mycobacteriales Cavalier-Smith 2002.</article-title>
        <year>2019</year>
        <volume>69</volume>
        <issue>10</issue>
        <fpage>3310</fpage>
        <lpage>3312</lpage>
        <source id="117">International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology</source>
        <abbrev>Int J Syst Evol Microbiol</abbrev>
        <issn>1466-5026</issn>
        <essn>1466-5034</essn>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/ijsem.0.003481</pub-id>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">31157615</pub-id>
      </citation>
    </reference>
    <reference id="rid.1300">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Skerman</surname>
            <given-names>V.B.D.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>McGowan</surname>
            <given-names>V.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Sneath</surname>
            <given-names>P.H.A.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Approved Lists of Bacterial Names</article-title>
        <year>1980</year>
        <volume>30</volume>
        <issue>1</issue>
        <fpage>225</fpage>
        <lpage>420</lpage>
        <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
        <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
        <issn>0020-7713</issn>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-30-1-225</pub-id>
      </citation>
    </reference>
    <reference id="rid.4689">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Stackebrandt</surname>
            <given-names>E.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Rainey</surname>
            <given-names>F.A.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Ward-Rainey</surname>
            <given-names>N.L.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov.</article-title>
        <year>1997</year>
        <volume>47</volume>
        <issue>2</issue>
        <fpage>479</fpage>
        <lpage>491</lpage>
        <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
        <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
        <issn>0020-7713</issn>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-47-2-479</pub-id>
      </citation>
    </reference>
  </bibliography>
  <annotation xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
    <snapshot date="2024-04-22" date-formatted="April 22, 2024" time="19:06:48" time-formatted="19:06 PM" />
    <modified curator="Charles Parker" date="2019-09-27" date-formatted="September 27, 2019" time="16:19:04" time-formatted="16:19 PM" />
    <created curator="Dorothea Rohlfs" date="2010-04-21" date-formatted="April 21, 2010" time="16:09:43" time-formatted="16:09 PM" />
    <public-note>According to Bergey's 7, Mycobacteriales was already unified into Actinomycetales by 1957. Janke published several variations of his taxonomy from 1924 to 1930, the later of which did not refer to this taxon.</public-note>
  </annotation>
</name>
