<?xml version="1.0" ?>
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<name doi="10.1601/nm.3364" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/name">
  <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
    <name-status-group>
      <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3364" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3353" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3364">Yersinia pseudotuberculosis pestis</identifier>
      <authority>Bercovier et al. 1981</authority>
      <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Yersinia pestis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3353" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="true" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
    </name-status-group>
  </nomenclature>
  <events>
    <event date="1981" list-number="7" reference="rid.6269" type="validation" />
    <event date="1980" reference="rid.469" type="effective-publication" />
    <event date="1985" reference="rid.8079" type="judicial-opinion">
      <opinion opinion-number="60" opinion-type="Rejected">
        <public-note>Opinion 60. The name Yersinia pseudotuberculosis subsp. pestis (van Loghem) Bercovier et al. 1981 is placed on the list of nomen rejicienda because the use of the name could have serious consequences for human welfare and health. The name Yersinia pestis is conserved for the plague bacillus. The opinion does not challenge the scientific evidence, which indicates the taxonomic relatedness of bacteria named Yersinia pestis and Yersinia pseudotu berculosis.</public-note>
      </opinion>
      <references>
        <reference date="1984" id="rid.7573" type="request" />
        <reference date="1981" id="rid.6269" type="other" />
        <reference date="1980" id="rid.469" type="other" />
      </references>
    </event>
  </events>
  <taxon doi="10.1601/tx.3364" rank="subspecies" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/taxon">
    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <name-status-group>
        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3364" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3353" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3364">Yersinia pseudotuberculosis pestis</identifier>
        <authority>Bercovier et al. 1981</authority>
        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Yersinia pestis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3353" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="true" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
      </name-status-group>
    </nomenclature>
    <nomenclatural-type nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3353" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common" />
    <taxonomic-equivalence />
    <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.0" rank="root">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.0" rank="root" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.0">Universal Root</identifier>
          <authority>Woese et al. 1990</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Universal Root" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.0" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
      <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.419" rank="domain">
        <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <name-status-group>
            <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.419" rank="domain" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.419">Bacteria</identifier>
            <authority>(None 2015) Woese et al. 1990</authority>
            <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Bacteria" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.419" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
          </name-status-group>
        </nomenclature>
        <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.808" rank="phylum">
          <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
            <name-status-group>
              <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.808" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.2552" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.2553" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.808">Proteobacteria</identifier>
              <authority>(sic) Garrity et al. 2021</authority>
              <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pseudomonadota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.40185" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
            </name-status-group>
            <name-status-group>
              <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.40185" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.2552" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.2553" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.808">Pseudomonadota</identifier>
              <authority>corrig. Garrity et al. 2021</authority>
              <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pseudomonadota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.40185" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
            </name-status-group>
            <name-status-group>
              <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.31608" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.2552" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.2553" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.808">Alphaproteobacteriota</identifier>
              <authority>(sic) Garrity et al. 2021</authority>
              <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pseudomonadota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.40185" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
            </name-status-group>
          </nomenclature>
          <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.2068" rank="class">
            <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
              <name-status-group>
                <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.2068" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.2550" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.2553" rank="class" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.2068">Gammaproteobacteria</identifier>
                <authority>Garrity et al. 2005 emend. Williams and Kelly 2013</authority>
                <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Gammaproteobacteria" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.2068" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
              </name-status-group>
            </nomenclature>
            <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.29303" rank="order">
              <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                <name-status-group>
                  <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.29303" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.3148" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3149" rank="order" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.29303">Enterobacterales</identifier>
                  <authority>(Garrity and Holt 2001) Adeolu et al. 2016</authority>
                  <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Enterobacterales" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.29303" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                </name-status-group>
              </nomenclature>
              <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.29306" rank="family">
                <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                  <name-status-group>
                    <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.29306" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.3352" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3353" rank="family" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.29306">Yersiniaceae</identifier>
                    <authority>Adeolu et al. 2016</authority>
                    <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Yersiniaceae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.29306" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                  </name-status-group>
                </nomenclature>
                <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.3352" rank="genus">
                  <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                    <name-status-group>
                      <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3352" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.3353" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3353" rank="genus" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3352">Yersinia</identifier>
                      <authority>van Loghem 1944 emend. Mollaret and Thal 1974 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
                      <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Yersinia" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3352" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                    </name-status-group>
                  </nomenclature>
                  <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.11153" rank="species">
                    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                      <name-status-group>
                        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.11153" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3363" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.11153">Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</identifier>
                        <authority>(Pfeiffer 1889) Smith and Thal 1965 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
                        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Yersinia pseudotuberculosis pseudotuberculosis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3363" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                      </name-status-group>
                    </nomenclature>
                    <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.3364" rank="subspecies">
                      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                        <name-status-group>
                          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3364" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3353" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3364">Yersinia pseudotuberculosis pestis</identifier>
                          <authority>Bercovier et al. 1981</authority>
                          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Yersinia pestis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3353" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="true" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                        </name-status-group>
                      </nomenclature>
                    </ancestor>
                  </ancestor>
                </ancestor>
              </ancestor>
            </ancestor>
          </ancestor>
        </ancestor>
      </ancestor>
    </ancestor>
    <parent doi="10.1601/tx.11153" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.11153" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3363" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.11153">Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</identifier>
          <authority>(Pfeiffer 1889) Smith and Thal 1965 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Yersinia pseudotuberculosis pseudotuberculosis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3363" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </parent>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.3363" rank="subspecies">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3363" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3363" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3363">Yersinia pseudotuberculosis pseudotuberculosis</identifier>
          <authority>(Pfeiffer 1889) Smith and Thal 1981</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Yersinia pseudotuberculosis pseudotuberculosis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3363" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <exemplars xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/exemplar">
      <exemplar doi="10.1601/ex.3353" is-uncultivated="false">
        <biosafety-level code="BSL-3" description="BioSafety Level 3" />
        <identifiers>
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="NCTC 5923" reference="rid.6269" source="reference" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="true" is-variant="false" label="ATCC 19428" reference="rid.6269" source="reference" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="true" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="Soemedang" source="nctc" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="true" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="javan strain" source="nctc" />
        </identifiers>
        <features>
          <feature code="10.1601.fr.16S" description="16S gene" id="AF366383" reference="rid.10015" source="reference" url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/AF366383" />
        </features>
        <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <name-status-group>
            <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3353" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3353" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3353">Yersinia pestis</identifier>
            <authority>(Lehmann and Neumann 1896) van Loghem 1944 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
            <status candidatus="false" conserved="true" current-name="Yersinia pestis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3353" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
          </name-status-group>
          <name-status-group>
            <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3364" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3353" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3364">Yersinia pseudotuberculosis pestis</identifier>
            <authority>Bercovier et al. 1981</authority>
            <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Yersinia pestis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3353" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="true" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
          </name-status-group>
        </nomenclature>
        <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
          <reference id="rid.6269">
            <citation citation-type="journal">
              <authors>
                <person-name>
                  <surname>List Editor</surname>
                  <given-names />
                </person-name>
              </authors>
              <article-title>Validation List no. 7.  Validation of the publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB.</article-title>
              <year>1981</year>
              <volume>31</volume>
              <issue>3</issue>
              <fpage>382</fpage>
              <lpage>383</lpage>
              <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
              <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
              <issn>0020-7713</issn>
              <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-31-3-382</pub-id>
            </citation>
          </reference>
          <reference id="rid.10015">
            <citation citation-type="journal">
              <authors>
                <person-name>
                  <surname>Kim</surname>
                  <given-names>W.</given-names>
                </person-name>
                <person-name>
                  <surname>Song</surname>
                  <given-names>M.-O.</given-names>
                </person-name>
                <person-name>
                  <surname>Song</surname>
                  <given-names>W.</given-names>
                </person-name>
                <person-name>
                  <surname>Kim</surname>
                  <given-names>K.-J.</given-names>
                </person-name>
                <person-name>
                  <surname>Chung</surname>
                  <given-names>S.-I.</given-names>
                </person-name>
                <person-name>
                  <surname>Choi</surname>
                  <given-names>C.-S.</given-names>
                </person-name>
                <person-name>
                  <surname>Park</surname>
                  <given-names>Y.-H.</given-names>
                </person-name>
              </authors>
              <article-title>Comparison of 16S rDNA analysis and rep-PCR genomic fingerprinting for molecular identification of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</article-title>
              <year>2003</year>
              <volume>83</volume>
              <fpage>125</fpage>
              <lpage>133</lpage>
              <source id="227">Antonie van Leeuwenhoek</source>
              <issn>0003-6072</issn>
              <essn>1572-9699</essn>
              <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1023/A:1023301924932</pub-id>
              <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12785306</pub-id>
            </citation>
          </reference>
        </bibliography>
        <annotation xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <snapshot date="2024-04-22" date-formatted="April 22, 2024" time="14:51:47" time-formatted="14:51 PM" />
          <modified curator="Charles Parker" date="2016-11-08" date-formatted="November 8, 2016" time="14:32:51" time-formatted="14:32 PM" />
          <created curator="Dorothea Rohlfs" date="2010-02-11" date-formatted="February 11, 2010" time="09:50:56" time-formatted="9:50 AM" />
          <public-note>This is the avirulent javan strain.</public-note>
        </annotation>
      </exemplar>
    </exemplars>
    <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
      <reference id="rid.469">
        <citation citation-type="journal">
          <authors>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Bercovier</surname>
              <given-names>H.</given-names>
            </person-name>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Mollaret</surname>
              <given-names>H.H.</given-names>
            </person-name>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Alonso</surname>
              <given-names>J.M.</given-names>
            </person-name>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Brault</surname>
              <given-names>J.</given-names>
            </person-name>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Fanning</surname>
              <given-names>G.R.</given-names>
            </person-name>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Steigerwalt</surname>
              <given-names>A.G.</given-names>
            </person-name>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Brenner</surname>
              <given-names>D.J.</given-names>
            </person-name>
          </authors>
          <article-title>Intra- and interspecies relatedness of Yersinia pestis by DNA hybridization and its relationship to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.</article-title>
          <year>1980</year>
          <volume>4</volume>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <fpage>225</fpage>
          <lpage>229</lpage>
          <source id="254">Current Microbiology</source>
          <abbrev>Curr Microbiol</abbrev>
          <issn>0343-8651</issn>
          <essn>1432-0991</essn>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/BF02605861</pub-id>
        </citation>
      </reference>
    </bibliography>
    <annotation xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <snapshot date="2024-04-22" date-formatted="April 22, 2024" time="14:51:47" time-formatted="14:51 PM" />
      <modified curator="Charles Parker" date="2017-12-07" date-formatted="December 7, 2017" time="13:21:22" time-formatted="13:21 PM" />
      <created curator="Sarah Wigley" date="2008-11-25" date-formatted="November 25, 2008" time="14:16:35" time-formatted="14:16 PM" />
    </annotation>
  </taxon>
  <synonyms>
    <synonyms-from>
      <synonym date="1985" from="10.1601/nm.3364" reference="rid.8079" to="10.1601/nm.3353" type="conservation">
        <name-status-group xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3353" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3353" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3353">Yersinia pestis</identifier>
          <authority>(Lehmann and Neumann 1896) van Loghem 1944 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="true" current-name="Yersinia pestis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3353" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </synonym>
    </synonyms-from>
    <synonyms-to />
  </synonyms>
  <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
    <reference id="rid.8079">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Judicial Commission</surname>
            <given-names />
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Opinion 60: Rejection of the Name Yersinia pseudotuberculosis subsp. pestis (van Loghem) Bercovier et al. 1981 and Conservation of the Name Yersinia pestis (Lehmann and Neumann) van Loghem 1944 for the Plague Bacillus: Judicial Commission of the International</article-title>
        <year>1985</year>
        <volume>35</volume>
        <issue>4</issue>
        <fpage>540</fpage>
        <lpage>540</lpage>
        <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
        <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
        <issn>0020-7713</issn>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-35-4-540</pub-id>
      </citation>
    </reference>
    <reference id="rid.7573">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Williams</surname>
            <given-names>J.E.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Proposal to reject the new combination Yersinia pseudotuberculosis subsp. pestis for violation of the first principle of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. Request for an opinion.</article-title>
        <year>1984</year>
        <volume>34</volume>
        <issue>2</issue>
        <fpage>268</fpage>
        <lpage>269</lpage>
        <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
        <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
        <issn>0020-7713</issn>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-34-2-268</pub-id>
      </citation>
    </reference>
    <reference id="rid.6269">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>List Editor</surname>
            <given-names />
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Validation List no. 7.  Validation of the publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB.</article-title>
        <year>1981</year>
        <volume>31</volume>
        <issue>3</issue>
        <fpage>382</fpage>
        <lpage>383</lpage>
        <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
        <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
        <issn>0020-7713</issn>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-31-3-382</pub-id>
      </citation>
    </reference>
    <reference id="rid.469">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Bercovier</surname>
            <given-names>H.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Mollaret</surname>
            <given-names>H.H.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Alonso</surname>
            <given-names>J.M.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Brault</surname>
            <given-names>J.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Fanning</surname>
            <given-names>G.R.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Steigerwalt</surname>
            <given-names>A.G.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Brenner</surname>
            <given-names>D.J.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Intra- and interspecies relatedness of Yersinia pestis by DNA hybridization and its relationship to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.</article-title>
        <year>1980</year>
        <volume>4</volume>
        <issue>4</issue>
        <fpage>225</fpage>
        <lpage>229</lpage>
        <source id="254">Current Microbiology</source>
        <abbrev>Curr Microbiol</abbrev>
        <issn>0343-8651</issn>
        <essn>1432-0991</essn>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/BF02605861</pub-id>
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