Sphaerochaetaceae Bidzhieva et al. 2020 non Sphaerochaetaceae Hördt et al. 2020 Sphaerochaetaceae Bidzhieva et al. 2020 non Sphaerochaetaceae Hördt et al. 2020 Sphaerochaeta Ritalahti et al. 2012 emend. Bidzhieva et al. 2020 Universal Root Woese et al. 1990 Bacteria (None 2015) Woese et al. 1990 Spirochaetota corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021 Spirochaetes (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 non Spirochaetes Cavalier-Smith 2002 Spirochaetia (Cavalier-Smith 2002) Paster 2020 Spirochaetales Buchanan 1917 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Hördt et al. 2020 Sphaerochaetaceae Bidzhieva et al. 2020 non Sphaerochaetaceae Hördt et al. 2020 Spirochaetales Buchanan 1917 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Hördt et al. 2020 Incertae sedis 31 None 2015 Spirochaetaceae Swellengrebel 1907 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Hördt et al. 2020 Borreliaceae Gupta et al. 2014 Treponemataceae Robinson 1948 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Hördt et al. 2020 Brachyspiraceae Paster 2012 Brevinemataceae Paster 2012 Leptospiraceae Hovind-Hougen 1979 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Levett et al. 2005 Sphaerochaetaceae Hördt et al. 2020 non Sphaerochaetaceae Bidzhieva et al. 2020 Breznakiellaceae Brune et al. 2022 Rectinemataceae Brune et al. 2022 Sphaerochaeta Ritalahti et al. 2012 emend. Bidzhieva et al. 2020 Parasphaerochaeta Bidzhieva et al. 2020 Bidzhieva S.K. Sokolova D.S. Grouzdev D.S. Kostrikina N.A. Poltaraus A.B. Tourova T.P. Shcherbakova V.A. Troshina O.Y. Nazina T.N. Sphaerochaeta halotolerans sp. nov., a novel spherical halotolerant spirochete from a Russian heavy oil reservoir, emended description of the genus Sphaerochaeta, reclassification of Sphaerochaeta coccoides to a new genus Parasphaerochaeta gen. nov. as Parasphaerochaeta coccoides comb. nov. and proposal of Sphaerochaetaceae fam. nov. 2020 70 8 4748 4759 International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 1466-5026 1466-5034 10.1099/ijsem.0.004340 32697184 Bidzhieva S.K. Sokolova D.S. Grouzdev D.S. Kostrikina N.A. Poltaraus A.B. Tourova T.P. Shcherbakova V.A. Troshina O.Y. Nazina T.N. Sphaerochaeta halotolerans sp. nov., a novel spherical halotolerant spirochete from a Russian heavy oil reservoir, emended description of the genus Sphaerochaeta, reclassification of Sphaerochaeta coccoides to a new genus Parasphaerochaeta gen. nov. as Parasphaerochaeta coccoides comb. nov. and proposal of Sphaerochaetaceae fam. nov. 2020 70 8 4748 4759 International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 1466-5026 1466-5034 10.1099/ijsem.0.004340 32697184 This name is illegitimate because it is a later homonym of Sphaerochaetaceae Hördt et al. 2020.