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<name doi="10.1601/nm.5344" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/name">
  <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
    <name-status-group>
      <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5344" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5344" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5344">Lactobacillus casei alactosus</identifier>
      <authority>Mills and Lessel 1973 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
      <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Lactobacillus casei alactosus" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5344" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
    </name-status-group>
  </nomenclature>
  <events>
    <event date="1980" reference="rid.1300" type="validation" />
    <event date="1973" reference="rid.2531" type="effective-publication" />
    <event date="2008" reference="rid.8566" type="judicial-opinion">
      <opinion opinion-number="82" opinion-type="OtherObservation" />
      <references>
        <reference date="2001" id="rid.9443" type="advocacy" />
        <reference date="1975" id="rid.9442" type="other" />
        <reference date="1989" id="rid.1381" type="other" />
        <reference date="1971" id="rid.4153" type="other" />
        <reference date="1994" id="rid.9434" type="advocacy" />
        <reference date="1973" id="rid.9444" type="other" />
        <reference date="1959" id="rid.7899" type="other" />
        <reference date="1991" id="rid.8569" type="request" />
        <reference date="2002" id="rid.8568" type="request" />
        <reference date="1996" id="rid.5830" type="other" />
      </references>
    </event>
  </events>
  <taxon doi="10.1601/tx.5344" rank="subspecies" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/taxon">
    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <name-status-group>
        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5344" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5344" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5344">Lactobacillus casei alactosus</identifier>
        <authority>Mills and Lessel 1973 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Lactobacillus casei alactosus" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5344" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
      </name-status-group>
    </nomenclature>
    <nomenclatural-type nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5344" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common" />
    <taxonomic-equivalence />
    <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.0" rank="root">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.0" rank="root" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.0">Universal Root</identifier>
          <authority>Woese et al. 1990</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Universal Root" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.0" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
      <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.419" rank="domain">
        <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <name-status-group>
            <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.419" rank="domain" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.419">Bacteria</identifier>
            <authority>(None 2015) Woese et al. 1990</authority>
            <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Bacteria" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.419" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
          </name-status-group>
        </nomenclature>
        <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.3874" rank="phylum">
          <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
            <name-status-group>
              <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3874" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.4857" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.4858" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3874">Firmicutes</identifier>
              <authority>(sic) Gibbons and Murray 2021</authority>
              <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Bacillota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.31611" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
            </name-status-group>
            <name-status-group>
              <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.31611" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.4857" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.4858" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3874">Bacillota</identifier>
              <authority>corrig. Gibbons and Murray 2021</authority>
              <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Bacillota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.31611" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
            </name-status-group>
            <name-status-group>
              <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.14085" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.4857" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.4858" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3874">Firmacutes</identifier>
              <authority>(sic) Gibbons and Murray 2021</authority>
              <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Bacillota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.31611" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
            </name-status-group>
          </nomenclature>
          <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.4854" rank="class">
            <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
              <name-status-group>
                <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.4854" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.4855" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.4858" rank="class" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.4854">Bacilli</identifier>
                <authority>Ludwig et al. 2010</authority>
                <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Bacilli" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.4854" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
              </name-status-group>
            </nomenclature>
            <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.5318" rank="order">
              <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                <name-status-group>
                  <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5318" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.5320" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5321" rank="order" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5318">Lactobacillales</identifier>
                  <authority>Ludwig et al. 2010</authority>
                  <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Lactobacillales" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5318" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                </name-status-group>
              </nomenclature>
              <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.5319" rank="family">
                <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                  <name-status-group>
                    <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5319" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.5320" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5321" rank="family" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5319">Lactobacillaceae</identifier>
                    <authority>Winslow et al. 1917 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Zheng et al. 2020</authority>
                    <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Lactobacillaceae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5319" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                  </name-status-group>
                </nomenclature>
                <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.5320" rank="genus">
                  <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                    <name-status-group>
                      <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5320" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.10805" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5321" rank="genus" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5320">Lactobacillus</identifier>
                      <authority>Beijerinck 1901 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Zheng et al. 2020</authority>
                      <status candidatus="false" conserved="true" current-name="Lactobacillus" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5320" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                    </name-status-group>
                  </nomenclature>
                  <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.10801" rank="species">
                    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                      <name-status-group>
                        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.10801" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5343" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.10801">Lactobacillus casei</identifier>
                        <authority>(Orla-Jensen 1916) Hansen and Lessel 1971 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
                        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Lactobacillus casei casei" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5343" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                      </name-status-group>
                    </nomenclature>
                    <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.5344" rank="subspecies">
                      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                        <name-status-group>
                          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5344" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5344" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5344">Lactobacillus casei alactosus</identifier>
                          <authority>Mills and Lessel 1973 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
                          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Lactobacillus casei alactosus" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5344" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                        </name-status-group>
                      </nomenclature>
                    </ancestor>
                  </ancestor>
                </ancestor>
              </ancestor>
            </ancestor>
          </ancestor>
        </ancestor>
      </ancestor>
    </ancestor>
    <parent doi="10.1601/tx.10801" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.10801" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5343" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.10801">Lactobacillus casei</identifier>
          <authority>(Orla-Jensen 1916) Hansen and Lessel 1971 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Lactobacillus casei casei" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5343" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </parent>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.5347" rank="subspecies">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5347" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5347" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5347">Lactobacillus casei tolerans</identifier>
          <authority>Abo-Elnaga and Kandler 1965 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Lacticaseibacillus paracasei tolerans" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.37380" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.5346" rank="subspecies">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5346" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5346" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5346">Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus</identifier>
          <authority>Hansen 1968 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.37382" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.5343" rank="subspecies">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5343" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5343" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5343">Lactobacillus casei casei</identifier>
          <authority>(Orla-Jensen 1916) Hansen and Lessel 1971 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Lactobacillus casei casei" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5343" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.5345" rank="subspecies">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5345" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5345" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5345">Lactobacillus casei pseudoplantarum</identifier>
          <authority>Abo-Elnaga and Kandler 1965 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Lactobacillus casei pseudoplantarum" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5345" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <exemplars xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/exemplar">
      <exemplar doi="10.1601/ex.5344" is-uncultivated="false">
        <biosafety-level code="BSL-1" description="BioSafety Level 1" />
        <identifiers>
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="ATCC 27216" reference="rid.2531" source="reference" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="JCM 1133" source="jcm" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="NCFB 2713" source="jcm" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="BCRC 12188" source="jcm" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="KCTC 3165" source="jcm" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="true" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="true" label="C 17" source="dsmz" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="NCDO 2713" source="atcc" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="DSM 20020" source="atcc" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="true" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="OC17" reference="rid.2531" source="reference" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="CECT 981" source="jcm" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="NRIC 1046" source="jcm" />
        </identifiers>
        <features>
          <feature code="10.1601.fr.16S" description="16S gene" id="D16548" source="genbank" url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/D16548" />
        </features>
        <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <name-status-group>
            <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5344" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5344" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5344">Lactobacillus casei alactosus</identifier>
            <authority>Mills and Lessel 1973 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
            <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Lactobacillus casei alactosus" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.5344" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
          </name-status-group>
        </nomenclature>
        <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
          <reference id="rid.2531">
            <citation citation-type="journal">
              <authors>
                <person-name>
                  <surname>Mills</surname>
                  <given-names>C.K.</given-names>
                </person-name>
                <person-name>
                  <surname>Lessel</surname>
                  <given-names>E.F.</given-names>
                </person-name>
              </authors>
              <article-title>Designation and description of the type strain of Lactobacillus casei subsp. alactosus Rogosa et al.</article-title>
              <year>1973</year>
              <volume>23</volume>
              <issue>1</issue>
              <fpage>67</fpage>
              <lpage>68</lpage>
              <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
              <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
              <issn>0020-7713</issn>
              <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-23-1-67</pub-id>
            </citation>
          </reference>
        </bibliography>
        <annotation xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <snapshot date="2024-04-22" date-formatted="April 22, 2024" time="15:33:47" time-formatted="15:33 PM" />
          <modified curator="Charles Parker" date="2018-05-03" date-formatted="May 3, 2018" time="17:07:16" time-formatted="17:07 PM" />
          <created curator="Sarah Wigley" date="2008-12-05" date-formatted="December 5, 2008" time="13:42:46" time-formatted="13:42 PM" />
        </annotation>
      </exemplar>
    </exemplars>
    <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
      <reference id="rid.2531">
        <citation citation-type="journal">
          <authors>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Mills</surname>
              <given-names>C.K.</given-names>
            </person-name>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Lessel</surname>
              <given-names>E.F.</given-names>
            </person-name>
          </authors>
          <article-title>Designation and description of the type strain of Lactobacillus casei subsp. alactosus Rogosa et al.</article-title>
          <year>1973</year>
          <volume>23</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>67</fpage>
          <lpage>68</lpage>
          <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
          <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
          <issn>0020-7713</issn>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-23-1-67</pub-id>
        </citation>
      </reference>
    </bibliography>
    <annotation xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <snapshot date="2024-04-22" date-formatted="April 22, 2024" time="15:33:47" time-formatted="15:33 PM" />
      <modified curator="Charles Parker" date="2019-07-24" date-formatted="July 24, 2019" time="13:36:59" time-formatted="13:36 PM" />
      <created curator="Sarah Wigley" date="2008-11-25" date-formatted="November 25, 2008" time="16:18:34" time-formatted="16:18 PM" />
    </annotation>
  </taxon>
  <synonyms>
    <synonyms-from>
      <synonym date="1989" from="10.1601/nm.5344" reference="rid.1381" to="10.1601/nm.5411" type="heterotypic">
        <name-status-group xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.5411" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.5411" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.5411">Lactobacillus paracasei paracasei</identifier>
          <authority>Collins et al. 1989</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Lacticaseibacillus paracasei paracasei" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.37379" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </synonym>
    </synonyms-from>
    <synonyms-to />
  </synonyms>
  <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
    <reference id="rid.9443">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Felis</surname>
            <given-names>G.E.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Dellaglio</surname>
            <given-names>F.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Mizzi</surname>
            <given-names>L.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Torriani</surname>
            <given-names>S.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Comparative sequence analysis of a recA gene fragment brings new evidence for a renewal in the taxonomy of the Lactobacillus casei group.</article-title>
        <year>2001</year>
        <volume>51</volume>
        <issue>6</issue>
        <fpage>2113</fpage>
        <lpage>2117</lpage>
        <source id="117">International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology</source>
        <abbrev>Int J Syst Evol Microbiol</abbrev>
        <issn>1466-5026</issn>
        <essn>1466-5034</essn>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-51-6-2113</pub-id>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">11760954</pub-id>
      </citation>
    </reference>
    <reference id="rid.9442">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Dellaglio</surname>
            <given-names>F.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Bottazzi</surname>
            <given-names>V.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Vescovo</surname>
            <given-names>M.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Deoxyribonucleic acid homology among Lactobacillus species of the subgenus Streptobacterium Orla-Jensen.</article-title>
        <year>1975</year>
        <volume>25</volume>
        <issue>2</issue>
        <fpage>160</fpage>
        <lpage>172</lpage>
        <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
        <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
        <issn>0020-7713</issn>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-25-2-160</pub-id>
      </citation>
    </reference>
    <reference id="rid.1381">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Collins</surname>
            <given-names>M.D.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Phillips</surname>
            <given-names>B.A.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
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