Actinobacteria (sic) Goodfellow 2021 non Actinobacteria Stackebrandt et al. 1997 Actinobacteria (sic) Goodfellow 2021 non Actinobacteria Stackebrandt et al. 1997 Actinomycetota corrig. Goodfellow 2021 Actinobacteriota corrig. Goodfellow 2021 Actinomyces Harz 1877 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Nouioui et al. 2018 Universal Root Woese et al. 1990 Bacteria (None 2015) Woese et al. 1990 Actinobacteria (sic) Goodfellow 2021 non Actinobacteria Stackebrandt et al. 1997 Actinomycetota corrig. Goodfellow 2021 Actinobacteriota corrig. Goodfellow 2021 Bacteria (None 2015) Woese et al. 1990 Cyanobacteria Woese et al. 1985 emend. McNeill et al. 2006 non Cyanobacteria Woese et al. 2006 Gemmatimonadetes (sic) Zhang et al. 2021 non Gemmatimonadetes Zhang et al. 2003 Gemmatimonadota corrig. Zhang et al. 2021 Planctomycetes (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 Planctomycetota corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021 Chlamydiota corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021 Chlamydiae (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 non Chlamydiae Cavalier-Smith 2002 Thermomicrobiota corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021 Thermomicrobia (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 non Thermomicrobia Garrity and Holt 2002 Spirochaetota corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021 Spirochaetes (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 non Spirochaetes Cavalier-Smith 2002 Fibrobacteres (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 emend. Abdul Rahman et al. 2015 non Fibrobacteres Spain et al. 2012 Fibrobacterota corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021 emend. Abdul Rahman et al. 2015 Proteobacteria (sic) Garrity et al. 2021 Pseudomonadota corrig. Garrity et al. 2021 Alphaproteobacteriota (sic) Garrity et al. 2021 Lentisphaerota corrig. Cho et al. 2021 Lentisphaerae (sic) Cho et al. 2021 non Lentisphaerae Cho et al. 2012 Fusobacteriota corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021 Fusobacteria (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 non Fusobacteria Staley and Whitman 2012 Verrucomicrobia (sic) Hedlund 2021 Verrucomicrobiota corrig. Hedlund 2021 Dictyoglomota corrig. Patel 2021 Dictyoglomi (sic) Patel 2021 non Dictyoglomi Patel 2012 Acidobacteria (sic) Thrash and Coates 2021 non Acidobacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002 Acidobacteriota corrig. Thrash and Coates 2021 Bacteroidota corrig. Krieg et al. 2021 Bacteroidetes (sic) Krieg et al. 2021 non Bacteroidetes Krieg 2012 Synergistota corrig. Jumas-Bilak et al. 2021 Synergistetes (sic) Jumas-Bilak et al. 2021 Caldiserica (sic) Mori et al. 2021 Caldisericota corrig. Mori et al. 2021 Nitrospirota corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021 Nitrospirae (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 Mycoplasmatota corrig. Murray 2021 Tenericutes (sic) Murray 2021 Mollicutota corrig. Murray 2021 Elusimicrobiota corrig. Geissinger et al. 2021 Elusimicrobia (sic) Geissinger et al. 2021 non Elusimicrobia Geissinger et al. 2010 Armatimonadetes (sic) Tamaki et al. 2021 Armatimonadaeota corrig. Tamaki et al. 2021 Armatimonadota (sic) Tamaki et al. 2021 Ignavibacteriota corrig. Podosokorskaya et al. 2021 Ignavibacteriae (sic) Podosokorskaya et al. 2021 Incertae sedis 172 None 2015 Rhodothermota corrig. Munoz et al. 2021 Rhodothermaeota (sic) Munoz et al. 2021 Kiritimatiellota corrig. Spring et al. 2021 Kiritimatiellaeota (sic) Spring et al. 2021 Aquificota corrig. Reysenbach 2021 Aquificae (sic) Reysenbach 2021 non Aquificae Reysenbach 2002 Thermodesulfobacteriota corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021 Thermodesulfobacteria (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 non Thermodesulfobacteria Hatchikian et al. 2002 Chlorobi (sic) Iino et al. 2021 Chlorobiota corrig. Iino et al. 2021 Deinococcus-Thermus (sic) Weisburg et al. 2021 Deinococcota corrig. Weisburg et al. 2021 Chloroflexi (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 emend. Hugenholtz and Stackebrandt 2004 non Chloroflexi Gupta et al. 2013 Chloroflexota corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021 emend. Hugenholtz and Stackebrandt 2004 Thermotogota corrig. Reysenbach 2021 Thermotogae (sic) Reysenbach 2021 non Thermotogae Reysenbach 2002 Firmicutes (sic) Gibbons and Murray 2021 Bacillota corrig. Gibbons and Murray 2021 Firmacutes (sic) Gibbons and Murray 2021 Deferribacteres (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 non Deferribacteres Huber and Stetter 2002 Deferribacterota corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021 Chrysiogenota corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021 Chrysiogenetes (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 non Chrysiogenetes Garrity and Holt 2002 Chrysiogenetota (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 Balneolaeota (sic) Hahnke et al. 2021 Balneolota corrig. Hahnke et al. 2021 Epsilonbacteraeota Waite et al. 2017 Calditrichota corrig. Kublanov et al. 2021 Calditrichaeota (sic) Kublanov et al. 2021 Incertae sedis 212 Murray 1984 Coprothermobacterota Pavan et al. 2021 Abditibacteriota Tahon et al. 2018 Incertae sedis 313 Ettwig et al. 2010 Incertae sedis 358 Bertin et al. 2011 Saccharibacteria Albertsen et al. 2013 Parcubacteria Rinke et al. 2013 Kryptonia Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016 Incertae sedis 387 Fenchel and Thar 2004 Acetothermia Takami et al. 2012 Bipolaricaulota Hao et al. 2018 Incertae sedis 411 Kaiwa et al. 2014 Incertae sedis 418 Kirkegaard et al. 2016 Aerophobetes Rinke et al. 2013 Gracilibacteria Rinke et al. 2013 Aminicenantes Rinke et al. 2013 Atribacterota Katayama et al. 2021 Calescamantes Rinke et al. 2013 Fervidibacteria Rinke et al. 2013 Hydrogenedentes Rinke et al. 2013 Latescibacteria Rinke et al. 2013 Marinimicrobia Rinke et al. 2013 Microgenomates Rinke et al. 2013 Omnitrophica Rinke et al. 2013 Nitrospinota corrig. Lücker et al. 2021 Nitrospinae (sic) Lücker et al. 2021 Modulibacteria Sekiguchi et al. 2015 Dependentiae Yeoh et al. 2016 Tectomicrobia Wilson et al. 2014 Muirbacteria Barnum et al. 2018 Eremiobacteraeota (sic) Ji et al. 2017 Eremiobacterota corrig. Ji et al. 2017 Dormibacteraeota Ji et al. 2017 Margulisbacteria Anantharaman et al. 2016 Marinamargulisbacteria Matheus Carnevali et al. 2019 Riflemargulisbacteria Matheus Carnevali et al. 2019 Binatota Chuvochina et al. 2019 Hydrothermota Chuvochina et al. 2019 Sumerlaeota Kadnikov et al. 2019 Cryosericota Martinez et al. 2019 Krumholzibacteriota Youssef et al. 2019 Peregrinibacteria Brown et al. 2015 Pyropristinus Colman et al. 2016 Wirthbacteria Probst et al. 2017 Patescibacteria Rinke et al. 2013 Desulfotomaculota Watanabe et al. 2020 Campylobacterota Waite et al. 2021 Desulfobacterota Waite et al. 2020 Bdellovibrionota Waite et al. 2021 Myxococcota Waite et al. 2021 Elulimicrobiota Rodriguez-R et al. 2020 Mcinerneyibacteriota Yadav et al. 2020 Goldbacteria Hernsdorf et al. 2017 Riflebacteria Kadnikov et al. 2020 Actinobacteria Stackebrandt et al. 1997 emend. Nouioui et al. 2018 non Actinobacteria Goodfellow 2021 Rubrobacteria Suzuki 2013 emend. Foesel et al. 2016 Coriobacteriia König 2013 emend. Gupta et al. 2013 Acidimicrobiia Norris 2013 Thermoleophilia Suzuki and Whitman 2013 emend. Foesel et al. 2016 Actinomycetes Krasil'nikov 1949 (Approved Lists 1980) Nitriliruptoria Ludwig et al. 2013 Actinomycetia (Stackebrandt et al. 1997) Salam et al. 2020 pro synon. Actinomycetes Krasil'nikov 1949 (Approved Lists 1980) Syntrophaliphaticia corrig. Liu et al. 2020 Syntraliphaticia (sic) Liu et al. 2020 Incertae sedis 722 Merino et al. 2020 Suzuki K.-I. Whitman W.B. Goodfellow M. Kämpfer P. Busse H.-J. Trujillo M.E. Suzuki K.-I. Ludwig W. Whitman W.B. Class. VI. Thermoleophilia class. nov. 2012 5, Part B 2 2010 2028 Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Springer New York Suzuki K.-I. Goodfellow M. Kämpfer P. Busse H.-J. Trujillo M.E. Suzuki K.-I. Ludwig W. Whitman W.B. Class V. Rudrobacteria class. nov. 2012 5, Part B 2 2004 2005 Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Springer New York König H. Goodfellow M. Kämpfer P. Busse H.-J. Trujillo M.E. Suzuki K.-I. Ludwig W. Whitman W.B. Class III. Coriobacteriia class. nov. 2012 5, Part B 2 1975 Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Springer New York Salam N. Jiao J.-Y. Zhang X.-T. Li W.-J. Update on the classification of higher ranks in the phylum Actinobacteria. 2020 70 2 1331 1355 International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 1466-5026 1466-5034 10.1099/ijsem.0.003920 31808738 Norris P.R. Goodfellow M. Kämpfer P. Busse H.-J. Trujillo M.E. Suzuki K.-I. Ludwig W. Whitman W.B. Class II. Acidimicrobiia class. nov. 2012 5, Part B 2 1968 1968 Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Springer New York Ludwig W. Euzéby J. Whitman W.B. Goodfellow M. Kämpfer P. Busse H.-J. Trujillo M.E. Suzuki K.-I. Ludwig W. Whitman W.B. Class IV. Nitriliruptoria class. nov. 2012 5, Part B 2 2000 2001 Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Springer New York Merino N. Kawai M. Boyd E.S. Colman D.R. McGlynn S.E. Nealson K.H. Kurokawa K. Hongoh Y. Single-Cell Genomics of Novel Actinobacteria With the Wood-Ljungdahl Pathway Discovered in a Serpentinizing System. 2020 11 1031 1031 Frontiers in Microbiology Front. Microbio. 1664-302X 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01031 32655506 Liu Y.-F. Chen J. Liu Z.-L. Shou L.-B. Lin D.-D. Zhou L. Yang S.-Z. Liu J.-F. Li W. Gu J.-D. Mu B.-Z. Anaerobic Degradation of Paraffins by Thermophilic Actinobacteria under Methanogenic Conditions. 2020 54 17 10610 10620 Environmental Science and Technology Environ Sci Technol 0013-936X 1520-5851 10.1021/acs.est.0c02071 32786606 Stackebrandt E. Rainey F.A. Ward-Rainey N.L. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. 1997 47 2 479 491 International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology Int J Syst Bacteriol 0020-7713 10.1099/00207713-47-2-479 Garrity G.M. Holt J.G. Garrity G.M. Boone D.R. Castenholz R.W. The Road Map to the Manual 2001 1 2 119 169 Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Springer New York Zhi X.Y. Li W.J. Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. 2009 59 3 589 608 International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 1466-5026 1466-5034 10.1099/ijs.0.65780-0 19244447 Salam et al. 2019 later proposed the novel class Actinomycetia as the nomenclatural type of this phylum. Oren A. Garrity G.M. Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla 2021 71 10 005056 International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 1466-5026 1466-5034 10.1099/ijsem.0.005056 Salam N. Jiao J.-Y. Zhang X.-T. Li W.-J. Update on the classification of higher ranks in the phylum Actinobacteria. 2020 70 2 1331 1355 International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 1466-5026 1466-5034 10.1099/ijsem.0.003920 31808738 Whitman W.B. Oren A. Chuvochina M. da Costa M.S. Garrity G.M. Rainey F.A. Rossello-Mora R. Schink B. Sutcliffe I. Trujillo M.E. Ventura S. Proposal of the suffix -ota to denote phyla. Addendum to 'Proposal to include the rank of phylum in the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes'. 2018 68 3 967 969 International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 1466-5026 1466-5034 10.1099/ijsem.0.002593 29458499 Goodfellow M. Goodfellow M. Kämpfer P. Busse H.-J. Trujillo M.E. Suzuki K.-I. Ludwig W. Whitman W.B. Phylum XXVI. Actinobacteria phyl. nov. 2012 5, Part A 2 33 Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Springer New York Garrity G.M. Holt J.G. Garrity G.M. Boone D.R. Castenholz R.W. 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