Spirochaeta Ehrenberg 1835 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Shivani et al. 2015 Spirochaeta Ehrenberg 1835 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Shivani et al. 2015 Spirochaeta plicatilis Ehrenberg 1835 (Approved Lists 1980) Universal Root Woese et al. 1990 Bacteria (None 2015) Woese et al. 1990 Spirochaetota corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021 Spirochaetes (sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 non Spirochaetes Cavalier-Smith 2002 Spirochaetia (Cavalier-Smith 2002) Paster 2020 Spirochaetales Buchanan 1917 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Hördt et al. 2020 Spirochaetaceae Swellengrebel 1907 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Hördt et al. 2020 Spirochaeta Ehrenberg 1835 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Shivani et al. 2015 Spirochaetaceae Swellengrebel 1907 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Hördt et al. 2020 Hollandina (ex To and Margulis 1978) Bermudes et al. 1988 Treponema Schaudinn 1905 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Abt et al. 2013 Sphaerochaeta Ritalahti et al. 2012 emend. Bidzhieva et al. 2020 Salinispira Ben Hania et al. 2015 Alkalispirochaeta Sravanthi et al. 2016 Marispirochaeta Shivani et al. 2017 Sediminispirochaeta Shivani et al. 2016 Pleomorphochaeta Arroua et al. 2017 Saprospira Gross 1911 emend. Lewin and Leadbetter 1974 (Approved Lists 1980) Clevelandina Bermudes et al. 1988 Diplocalyx (Gharagozlou 1968) Bermudes et al. 1988 Pillotina (ex Hollande and Gharagozlou 1967) Bermudes et al. 1988 Borrelia Swellengrebel 1907 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Margos et al. 2018 Leptospira Noguchi 1917 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Faine and Stallman 1982 Cristispira Gross 1910 emend. Kuhn 1974 (Approved Lists 1980) Rectinema Koelschbach et al. 2017 Oceanispirochaeta Subhash and Lee 2017 Spironema (sic) Sikutová et al. 2010 Allospironema corrig. Sikutová et al. 2010 Thiospirochaeta Dubinina et al. 2020 Bullifex Wylensek et al. 2021 Spirochaeta zuelzerae (ex Veldkamp 1960) Canale-Parola 1980 Spirochaeta asiatica Zhilina et al. 1996 Spirochaeta aurantia (ex Vinzent 1926) Canale-Parola 1980 Spirochaeta cellobiosiphila Breznak and Warnecke 2008 emend. Hördt et al. 2020 Spirochaeta psychrophila Miyazaki et al. 2014 Spirochaeta sinaica Dubinina et al. 2015 Spirochaeta isovalerica Harwood and Canale-Parola 1983 Spirochaeta americana Hoover et al. 2003 Spirochaeta africana Zhilina et al. 1996 emend. Hördt et al. 2020 Spirochaeta dissipatitropha Pikuta et al. 2009 Spirochaeta perfilievii Dubinina et al. 2011 Spirochaeta sphaeroplastigenens Vishnuvardhan Reddy et al. 2013 Spirochaeta lutea Shivani et al. 2015 Spirochaeta coccoides Dröge et al. 2006 Spirochaeta halophila Greenberg and Canale-Parola 1977 (Approved Lists 1980) Spirochaeta stenostrepta Zuelzer 1912 (Approved Lists 1980) Spirochaeta smaragdinae Magot et al. 1998 Spirochaeta alkalica Zhilina et al. 1996 Spirochaeta caldaria Pohlschroeder et al. 1995 Spirochaeta litoralis (ex Hespell and Canale-Parola 1970) Canale-Parola 1980 Spirochaeta plicatilis Ehrenberg 1835 (Approved Lists 1980) Spirochaeta sp. None 2015 Spirochaeta odontotermitis Sravanthi et al. 2015 Spirochaeta thermophila Aksenova et al. 1992 emend. Hördt et al. 2020 Spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis Fracek and Stolz 2004 Spirochaeta phagedenis Noguchi 1912 Dubinina G. Grabovich M. Leshcheva N. Rainey F.A. Gavrish E. 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Spirochaeta dissipatitropha sp. nov., an alkaliphilic, obligately anaerobic bacterium, and emended description of the genus Spirochaeta Ehrenberg 1835 2009 59 7 1798 1804 International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 1466-5026 1466-5034 10.1099/ijs.0.016733-0 19578151 Oren A. Garrity G. Notification of changes in taxonomic opinion previously published outside the IJSEM. List of Changes in Taxonomic Opinion no. 22 2015 65 7 2028 2029 International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 1466-5026 1466-5034 10.1099/ijs.0.000286 Canale-Parola E. Buchanan R.E. Gibbons N.E. Genus I. Spirochaeta Ehrenberg 1835, 313 1974 8 168 171 Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology The Williams and Wilkins Co. Baltimore 0683011170 Skerman V.B.D. McGowan V. Sneath P.H.A. Approved Lists of Bacterial Names 1980 30 1 225 420 International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology Int J Syst Bacteriol 0020-7713 10.1099/00207713-30-1-225 Miyazaki M. Sakai S. Yamanaka Y. Saito Y. Takai K. Imachi H. Spirochaeta psychrophila sp. nov., a psychrophilic spirochaete isolated from subseafloor sediment, and emended description of the genus Spirochaeta 2014 64 8 2798 2804 International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 1466-5026 1466-5034 10.1099/ijs.0.062463-0 24860115 Shivani Y. Subhash Y. Tushar L. Sasikala Ch. Ramana Ch.V. Spirochaeta lutea sp. nov., isolated from marine habitats and emended description of the genus Spirochaeta 2015 38 110 114 Systematic and Applied Microbiology Syst Appl Microbiol 0723-2020 10.1016/j.syapm.2014.11.002 25487950