<?xml version="1.0" ?>
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<name doi="10.1601/nm.7812" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/name">
  <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
    <name-status-group>
      <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7812" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7812" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7812">Spirochaeta zuelzerae</identifier>
      <authority>(ex Veldkamp 1960) Canale-Parola 1980</authority>
      <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Treponema zuelzerae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.24455" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="true" status-code="VP" />
    </name-status-group>
  </nomenclature>
  <events>
    <event date="1980" reference="rid.1165" type="validation" />
    <event date="1980" reference="rid.1165" type="effective-publication" />
    <event date="1960" reference="rid.10902" type="revived" />
  </events>
  <taxon doi="10.1601/tx.7812" rank="species" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/taxon">
    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <name-status-group>
        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7812" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7812" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7812">Spirochaeta zuelzerae</identifier>
        <authority>(ex Veldkamp 1960) Canale-Parola 1980</authority>
        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Treponema zuelzerae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.24455" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="true" status-code="VP" />
      </name-status-group>
    </nomenclature>
    <nomenclatural-type nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7812" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common" />
    <taxonomic-equivalence>
      <related-taxon accession="156" nomos="NCBI Taxonomy" rank="species" relation="exactMatch" />
    </taxonomic-equivalence>
    <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.0" rank="root">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.0" rank="root" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.0">Universal Root</identifier>
          <authority>Woese et al. 1990</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Universal Root" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.0" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
      <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.419" rank="domain">
        <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <name-status-group>
            <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.419" rank="domain" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.419">Bacteria</identifier>
            <authority>(None 2015) Woese et al. 1990</authority>
            <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Bacteria" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.419" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
          </name-status-group>
        </nomenclature>
        <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.7793" rank="phylum">
          <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
            <name-status-group>
              <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.31632" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.7797" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7809" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7793">Spirochaetota</identifier>
              <authority>corrig. Garrity and Holt 2021</authority>
              <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaetota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.31632" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
            </name-status-group>
            <name-status-group>
              <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7793" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.7797" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7809" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7793">Spirochaetes</identifier>
              <authority>(sic) Garrity and Holt 2021 non Spirochaetes Cavalier-Smith 2002</authority>
              <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaetota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.31632" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
            </name-status-group>
          </nomenclature>
          <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.27745" rank="class">
            <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
              <name-status-group>
                <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.27745" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.7795" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7809" rank="class" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.27745">Spirochaetia</identifier>
                <authority>(Cavalier-Smith 2002) Paster 2020</authority>
                <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaetia" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.27745" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
              </name-status-group>
            </nomenclature>
            <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.7795" rank="order">
              <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                <name-status-group>
                  <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7795" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.7797" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7809" rank="order" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7795">Spirochaetales</identifier>
                  <authority>Buchanan 1917 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Hördt et al. 2020</authority>
                  <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaetales" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.7795" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                </name-status-group>
              </nomenclature>
              <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.7796" rank="family">
                <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                  <name-status-group>
                    <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7796" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.7797" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7809" rank="family" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7796">Spirochaetaceae</identifier>
                    <authority>Swellengrebel 1907 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Hördt et al. 2020</authority>
                    <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaetaceae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.7796" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                  </name-status-group>
                </nomenclature>
                <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.7797" rank="genus">
                  <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                    <name-status-group>
                      <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7797" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.7809" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7809" rank="genus" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7797">Spirochaeta</identifier>
                      <authority>Ehrenberg 1835 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Shivani et al. 2015</authority>
                      <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.7797" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                    </name-status-group>
                  </nomenclature>
                  <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.7812" rank="species">
                    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                      <name-status-group>
                        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7812" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7812" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7812">Spirochaeta zuelzerae</identifier>
                        <authority>(ex Veldkamp 1960) Canale-Parola 1980</authority>
                        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Treponema zuelzerae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.24455" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="true" status-code="VP" />
                      </name-status-group>
                    </nomenclature>
                  </ancestor>
                </ancestor>
              </ancestor>
            </ancestor>
          </ancestor>
        </ancestor>
      </ancestor>
    </ancestor>
    <parent doi="10.1601/tx.7797" rank="genus">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7797" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.7809" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7809" rank="genus" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7797">Spirochaeta</identifier>
          <authority>Ehrenberg 1835 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Shivani et al. 2015</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.7797" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </parent>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.7802" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7802" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7802" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7802">Spirochaeta asiatica</identifier>
          <authority>Zhilina et al. 1996</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta asiatica" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.7802" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.11040" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.11040" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.7803" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7803" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.11040">Spirochaeta aurantia</identifier>
          <authority>(ex Vinzent 1926) Canale-Parola 1980</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta aurantia aurantia" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.7803" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="true" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.13621" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.13621" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.13621" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.13621">Spirochaeta cellobiosiphila</identifier>
          <authority>Breznak and Warnecke 2008 emend. Hördt et al. 2020</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta cellobiosiphila" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.13621" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.25712" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.25712" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.25712" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.25712">Spirochaeta psychrophila</identifier>
          <authority>Miyazaki et al. 2014</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta psychrophila" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.25712" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.27714" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.27714" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.27714" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.27714">Spirochaeta sinaica</identifier>
          <authority>Dubinina et al. 2015</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Sediminispirochaeta sinaica" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.29465" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.7807" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7807" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7807" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7807">Spirochaeta isovalerica</identifier>
          <authority>Harwood and Canale-Parola 1983</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta isovalerica" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.7807" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.7801" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7801" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7801" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7801">Spirochaeta americana</identifier>
          <authority>Hoover et al. 2003</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Alkalispirochaeta americana" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.28571" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.7799" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7799" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7799" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7799">Spirochaeta africana</identifier>
          <authority>Zhilina et al. 1996 emend. Hördt et al. 2020</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta africana" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.7799" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.14518" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.14518" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.14518" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.14518">Spirochaeta dissipatitropha</identifier>
          <authority>Pikuta et al. 2009</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta dissipatitropha" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.14518" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.20371" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.20371" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.20371" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.20371">Spirochaeta perfilievii</identifier>
          <authority>Dubinina et al. 2011</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Thiospirochaeta perfilievii" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.39095" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.24221" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.24221" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.24221" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.24221">Spirochaeta sphaeroplastigenens</identifier>
          <authority>Vishnuvardhan Reddy et al. 2013</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Alkalispirochaeta sphaeroplastigenens" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.28570" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.26779" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.26779" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.26779" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.26779">Spirochaeta lutea</identifier>
          <authority>Shivani et al. 2015</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta lutea" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.26779" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.10201" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.10201" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.10201" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.10201">Spirochaeta coccoides</identifier>
          <authority>Dröge et al. 2006</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Parasphaerochaeta coccoides" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.38120" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.7806" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7806" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7806" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7806">Spirochaeta halophila</identifier>
          <authority>Greenberg and Canale-Parola 1977 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta halophila" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.7806" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.7798" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7798" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7798" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7798">Spirochaeta stenostrepta</identifier>
          <authority>Zuelzer 1912 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Treponema stenostreptum" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.24454" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.7810" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7810" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7810" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7810">Spirochaeta smaragdinae</identifier>
          <authority>Magot et al. 1998</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Sediminispirochaeta smaragdinae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.29464" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.7800" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7800" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7800" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7800">Spirochaeta alkalica</identifier>
          <authority>Zhilina et al. 1996</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Alkalispirochaeta alkalica" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.28569" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.7805" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7805" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7805" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7805">Spirochaeta caldaria</identifier>
          <authority>Pohlschroeder et al. 1995</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Treponema caldarium" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.24452" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.7808" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7808" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7808" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7808">Spirochaeta litoralis</identifier>
          <authority>(ex Hespell and Canale-Parola 1970) Canale-Parola 1980</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Oceanispirochaeta litoralis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.30679" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="true" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.7809" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7809" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7809" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7809">Spirochaeta plicatilis</identifier>
          <authority>Ehrenberg 1835 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta plicatilis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.7809" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.17622" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.17622" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.17622">Spirochaeta sp.</identifier>
          <authority>None 2015</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta sp." current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.17622" illegitimate="true" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.27868" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.27868" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.27868" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.27868">Spirochaeta odontotermitis</identifier>
          <authority>Sravanthi et al. 2015</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Alkalispirochaeta odontotermitis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.28572" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.7811" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7811" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7811" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7811">Spirochaeta thermophila</identifier>
          <authority>Aksenova et al. 1992 emend. Hördt et al. 2020</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta thermophila" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.7811" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.8854" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.8854" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.8854" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.8854">Spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis</identifier>
          <authority>Fracek and Stolz 2004</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Sediminispirochaeta bajacaliforniensis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.29463" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.26318" rank="species">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.26318" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.26318" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.26318">Spirochaeta phagedenis</identifier>
          <authority>Noguchi 1912</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Spirochaeta phagedenis" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.26318" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
    </sibling>
    <exemplars xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/exemplar">
      <exemplar doi="10.1601/ex.7812" is-uncultivated="false">
        <biosafety-level code="BSL-1" description="BioSafety Level 1" />
        <identifiers>
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="ATCC 19044" reference="rid.1165" source="reference" />
          <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="DSM 1903" reference="rid.14264" source="reference" />
        </identifiers>
        <features>
          <feature code="10.1601.fr.16S" description="16S gene" id="FR749929" source="genbank" url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/FR749929" />
          <feature code="10.1601.fr.16S" description="16S gene" id="M88725" source="genbank" url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/M88725" />
        </features>
        <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <name-status-group>
            <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.24455" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7812" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.24455">Treponema zuelzerae</identifier>
            <authority>(Canale-Parola 1980) Abt et al. 2013</authority>
            <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Treponema zuelzerae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.24455" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
          </name-status-group>
          <name-status-group>
            <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.7812" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7812" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.7812">Spirochaeta zuelzerae</identifier>
            <authority>(ex Veldkamp 1960) Canale-Parola 1980</authority>
            <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Treponema zuelzerae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.24455" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="true" status-code="VP" />
          </name-status-group>
        </nomenclature>
        <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
          <reference id="rid.14264">
            <citation citation-type="journal">
              <authors>
                <person-name>
                  <surname>Oren</surname>
                  <given-names>A.</given-names>
                </person-name>
                <person-name>
                  <surname>Garrity</surname>
                  <given-names>G.</given-names>
                </person-name>
              </authors>
              <article-title>Validation List No. 153. List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published</article-title>
              <year>2013</year>
              <volume>63</volume>
              <issue>9</issue>
              <fpage>3131</fpage>
              <lpage>3134</lpage>
              <source id="117">International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology</source>
              <abbrev>Int J Syst Evol Microbiol</abbrev>
              <issn>1466-5026</issn>
              <essn>1466-5034</essn>
              <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/ijs.0.056101-0</pub-id>
            </citation>
          </reference>
          <reference id="rid.1165">
            <citation citation-type="journal">
              <authors>
                <person-name>
                  <surname>Canale-Parola</surname>
                  <given-names>E.</given-names>
                </person-name>
              </authors>
              <article-title>Revival of the names Spirochaeta litoralis, Spirochaeta zuelzerae and Spirochaeta aurantia.</article-title>
              <year>1980</year>
              <volume>30</volume>
              <issue>3</issue>
              <fpage>594</fpage>
              <lpage>594</lpage>
              <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
              <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
              <issn>0020-7713</issn>
              <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-30-3-594</pub-id>
            </citation>
          </reference>
        </bibliography>
        <annotation xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <snapshot date="2024-04-22" date-formatted="April 22, 2024" time="17:19:17" time-formatted="17:19 PM" />
          <modified curator="Charles Parker" date="2017-02-01" date-formatted="February 1, 2017" time="21:36:25" time-formatted="21:36 PM" />
          <created curator="Dorothea Rohlfs" date="2010-03-17" date-formatted="March 17, 2010" time="13:14:49" time-formatted="13:14 PM" />
          <curatorial-note>M34265 is also listed as a 16S accession but is not retrievable from GenBank.</curatorial-note>
        </annotation>
      </exemplar>
    </exemplars>
    <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
      <reference id="rid.1165">
        <citation citation-type="journal">
          <authors>
            <person-name>
              <surname>Canale-Parola</surname>
              <given-names>E.</given-names>
            </person-name>
          </authors>
          <article-title>Revival of the names Spirochaeta litoralis, Spirochaeta zuelzerae and Spirochaeta aurantia.</article-title>
          <year>1980</year>
          <volume>30</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>594</fpage>
          <lpage>594</lpage>
          <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
          <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
          <issn>0020-7713</issn>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-30-3-594</pub-id>
        </citation>
      </reference>
    </bibliography>
    <annotation xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <snapshot date="2024-04-22" date-formatted="April 22, 2024" time="17:19:17" time-formatted="17:19 PM" />
    </annotation>
  </taxon>
  <synonyms>
    <synonyms-from>
      <synonym date="2013" from="10.1601/nm.7812" reference="rid.14267" to="10.1601/nm.24455" type="new combination">
        <name-status-group xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.24455" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.7812" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.24455">Treponema zuelzerae</identifier>
          <authority>(Canale-Parola 1980) Abt et al. 2013</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Treponema zuelzerae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.24455" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </synonym>
    </synonyms-from>
    <synonyms-to />
  </synonyms>
  <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
    <reference id="rid.14267">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Abt</surname>
            <given-names>B.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Göker</surname>
            <given-names>M.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Scheuner</surname>
            <given-names>C.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Han</surname>
            <given-names>C.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Lu</surname>
            <given-names>M.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Misra</surname>
            <given-names>M.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Lapidus</surname>
            <given-names>A.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Nolan</surname>
            <given-names>M.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Lucas</surname>
            <given-names>S.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Hammon</surname>
            <given-names>N.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Deshpande</surname>
            <given-names>S.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Cheng</surname>
            <given-names>J.-F.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Tapia</surname>
            <given-names>R.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Goodwin</surname>
            <given-names>L.A.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Pitluck</surname>
            <given-names>S.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Liolios</surname>
            <given-names>K.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Pagani</surname>
            <given-names>I.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Ivanova</surname>
            <given-names>N.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Mavromatis</surname>
            <given-names>K.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Mikhailova</surname>
            <given-names>N.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Huntemann</surname>
            <given-names>M.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Pati</surname>
            <given-names>A.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Chen</surname>
            <given-names>A.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Palaniappan</surname>
            <given-names>K.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Land</surname>
            <given-names>M.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Hauser</surname>
            <given-names>L.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Jeffries</surname>
            <given-names>C.D.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Rohde</surname>
            <given-names>M.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Spring</surname>
            <given-names>S.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Gronow</surname>
            <given-names>S.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Detter</surname>
            <given-names>J.C.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Bristow</surname>
            <given-names>J.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Eisen</surname>
            <given-names>J.A.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Markowitz</surname>
            <given-names>V.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Hugenholtz</surname>
            <given-names>P.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Kyrpides</surname>
            <given-names>N.C.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Woyke</surname>
            <given-names>T.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Klenk</surname>
            <given-names>H.-P.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Genome sequence of the thermophilic fresh-water bacterium Spirochaeta caldaria type strain (H1), reclassification of Spirochaeta caldaria, Spirochaeta stenostrepta, and Spirochaeta zuelzerae in the genus Treponema as Treponema caldaria comb. nov., Treponema stenostrepta comb. nov., and Treponema zuelzerae comb. nov., and emendation of the genus Treponema</article-title>
        <year>2013</year>
        <volume>8</volume>
        <issue>1</issue>
        <fpage>88</fpage>
        <lpage>105</lpage>
        <source id="1183">Standards in Genomic Sciences</source>
        <abbrev>Stand Genomic Sci</abbrev>
        <issn>1944-3277</issn>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4056/sigs.3096473</pub-id>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23961314</pub-id>
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    </reference>
    <reference id="rid.10902">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Veldkamp</surname>
            <given-names>H.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Isolation and characteristics of Treponema zuelzerae nov. spec., an anaerobic, free-living
spirochete</article-title>
        <year>1960</year>
        <volume>26</volume>
        <fpage>103</fpage>
        <lpage>125</lpage>
        <source id="227">Antonie van Leeuwenhoek</source>
        <issn>0003-6072</issn>
        <essn>1572-9699</essn>
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    </reference>
    <reference id="rid.1165">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Canale-Parola</surname>
            <given-names>E.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Revival of the names Spirochaeta litoralis, Spirochaeta zuelzerae and Spirochaeta aurantia.</article-title>
        <year>1980</year>
        <volume>30</volume>
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        <lpage>594</lpage>
        <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
        <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
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  </bibliography>
  <annotation xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
    <snapshot date="2024-04-22" date-formatted="April 22, 2024" time="17:19:17" time-formatted="17:19 PM" />
    <modified curator="Dorothea Rohlfs" date="2010-04-11" date-formatted="April 11, 2010" time="14:35:36" time-formatted="14:35 PM" />
    <created curator="Nicole Osier" date="2009-02-23" date-formatted="February 23, 2009" time="14:25:30" time-formatted="14:25 PM" />
  </annotation>
</name>
