<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<!--
  (c) 2024, The Regents of the University of California, through Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (subject to receipt of any required approvals from the U.S. Dept. of Energy).
  All rights reserved.

  CLOCKSS system has permission to ingest, preserve, and serve this Archival Unit.
  LOCKSS system has permission to ingest, preserve, and serve this Archival Unit.

  This content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
-->
<taxon doi="10.1601/tx.3244" rank="subspecies" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/taxon">
  <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
    <name-status-group>
      <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3244" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3176" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3244">Pectobacterium carotovorum betavasculorum</identifier>
      <authority>(Thomson et al. 1984) Hauben et al. 1999</authority>
      <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacterium betavasculorum" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3248" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
    </name-status-group>
  </nomenclature>
  <nomenclatural-type nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3176" xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common" />
  <taxonomic-equivalence />
  <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.0" rank="root">
    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <name-status-group>
        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.0" rank="root" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.0">Universal Root</identifier>
        <authority>Woese et al. 1990</authority>
        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Universal Root" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.0" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
      </name-status-group>
    </nomenclature>
    <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.419" rank="domain">
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.419" rank="domain" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.419">Bacteria</identifier>
          <authority>(None 2015) Woese et al. 1990</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Bacteria" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.419" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
      <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.808" rank="phylum">
        <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
          <name-status-group>
            <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.808" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.2552" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.2553" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.808">Proteobacteria</identifier>
            <authority>(sic) Garrity et al. 2021</authority>
            <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pseudomonadota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.40185" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
          </name-status-group>
          <name-status-group>
            <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.40185" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.2552" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.2553" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.808">Pseudomonadota</identifier>
            <authority>corrig. Garrity et al. 2021</authority>
            <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pseudomonadota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.40185" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
          </name-status-group>
          <name-status-group>
            <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.31608" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.2552" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.2553" rank="phylum" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.808">Alphaproteobacteriota</identifier>
            <authority>(sic) Garrity et al. 2021</authority>
            <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pseudomonadota" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.40185" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
          </name-status-group>
        </nomenclature>
        <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.2068" rank="class">
          <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
            <name-status-group>
              <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.2068" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.2550" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.2553" rank="class" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.2068">Gammaproteobacteria</identifier>
              <authority>Garrity et al. 2005 emend. Williams and Kelly 2013</authority>
              <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Gammaproteobacteria" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.2068" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
            </name-status-group>
          </nomenclature>
          <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.29303" rank="order">
            <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
              <name-status-group>
                <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.29303" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.3148" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3149" rank="order" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.29303">Enterobacterales</identifier>
                <authority>(Garrity and Holt 2001) Adeolu et al. 2016</authority>
                <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Enterobacterales" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.29303" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
              </name-status-group>
            </nomenclature>
            <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.29305" rank="family">
              <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                <name-status-group>
                  <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.29305" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.3241" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3174" rank="family" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.29305">Pectobacteriaceae</identifier>
                  <authority>Adeolu et al. 2016</authority>
                  <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacteriaceae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.29305" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                </name-status-group>
              </nomenclature>
              <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.3241" rank="genus">
                <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                  <name-status-group>
                    <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3241" nomenclatural-type="10.1601/tx.10935" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3174" rank="genus" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3241">Pectobacterium</identifier>
                    <authority>Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Hauben et al. 1998</authority>
                    <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacterium" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3241" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                  </name-status-group>
                </nomenclature>
                <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.10935" rank="species">
                  <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                    <name-status-group>
                      <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.10935" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3174" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.10935">Pectobacterium carotovorum</identifier>
                      <authority>(Jones 1901) Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Portier et al. 2019 pro synon. Erwinia carotovora (Jones 1901) Bergey et al. 1923 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
                      <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacterium carotovorum carotovorum" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3242" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                    </name-status-group>
                  </nomenclature>
                  <ancestor doi="10.1601/tx.3244" rank="subspecies">
                    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
                      <name-status-group>
                        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3244" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3176" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3244">Pectobacterium carotovorum betavasculorum</identifier>
                        <authority>(Thomson et al. 1984) Hauben et al. 1999</authority>
                        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacterium betavasculorum" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3248" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
                      </name-status-group>
                    </nomenclature>
                  </ancestor>
                </ancestor>
              </ancestor>
            </ancestor>
          </ancestor>
        </ancestor>
      </ancestor>
    </ancestor>
  </ancestor>
  <parent doi="10.1601/tx.10935" rank="species">
    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <name-status-group>
        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.10935" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3174" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.10935">Pectobacterium carotovorum</identifier>
        <authority>(Jones 1901) Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Portier et al. 2019 pro synon. Erwinia carotovora (Jones 1901) Bergey et al. 1923 (Approved Lists 1980)</authority>
        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacterium carotovorum carotovorum" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3242" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
      </name-status-group>
    </nomenclature>
  </parent>
  <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.3242" rank="subspecies">
    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <name-status-group>
        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3242" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3174" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3242">Pectobacterium carotovorum carotovorum</identifier>
        <authority>(Jones 1901) Hauben et al. 1999 emend. Gardan et al. 2003</authority>
        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacterium carotovorum carotovorum" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3242" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
      </name-status-group>
    </nomenclature>
  </sibling>
  <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.3243" rank="subspecies">
    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <name-status-group>
        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3243" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3175" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3243">Pectobacterium carotovorum atrosepticum</identifier>
        <authority>(van Hall 1902) Hauben et al. 1999</authority>
        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacterium atrosepticum" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3247" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
      </name-status-group>
    </nomenclature>
  </sibling>
  <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.3246" rank="subspecies">
    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <name-status-group>
        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3246" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3178" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3246">Pectobacterium carotovorum wasabiae</identifier>
        <authority>(Goto and Matsumoto 1987) Hauben et al. 1999</authority>
        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacterium wasabiae" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3254" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
      </name-status-group>
    </nomenclature>
  </sibling>
  <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.3245" rank="subspecies">
    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <name-status-group>
        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3245" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3177" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3245">Pectobacterium carotovorum odoriferum</identifier>
        <authority>(Gallois et al. 1992) Hauben et al. 1999 emend. Gardan et al. 2003</authority>
        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacterium odoriferum" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.35672" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
      </name-status-group>
    </nomenclature>
  </sibling>
  <sibling doi="10.1601/tx.25142" rank="subspecies">
    <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
      <name-status-group>
        <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.25142" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.25142">Pectobacterium carotovorum brasiliense</identifier>
        <authority>Nabhan et al. 2012</authority>
        <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacterium carotovorum brasiliense" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.25142" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="NVP" />
      </name-status-group>
    </nomenclature>
  </sibling>
  <exemplars xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/exemplar">
    <exemplar doi="10.1601/ex.3176" is-uncultivated="false">
      <biosafety-level code="BSL-1" description="BioSafety Level 1" />
      <identifiers>
        <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="ICMP 4226" reference="rid.6818" source="reference" />
        <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="CFBP 2122" reference="rid.6818" source="reference" />
        <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="LMG 2464" reference="rid.2713" source="reference" />
        <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="ATCC 43762" reference="rid.6818" source="reference" />
        <identifier is-laboratory-identifier="false" is-mixed-culture="false" is-non-viable="false" is-patent="false" is-symbiont="false" is-unavailable="false" is-variant="false" label="NCPPB 2795" reference="rid.2713" source="reference" />
      </identifiers>
      <features>
        <feature code="10.1601.fr.16S" description="16S gene" id="U80198" reference="rid.6818" source="reference" url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/U80198" />
      </features>
      <nomenclature xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3176" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3176" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3176">Erwinia carotovora betavasculorum</identifier>
          <authority>Thomson et al. 1984</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacterium betavasculorum" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3248" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3244" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3176" rank="subspecies" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3244">Pectobacterium carotovorum betavasculorum</identifier>
          <authority>(Thomson et al. 1984) Hauben et al. 1999</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacterium betavasculorum" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3248" illegitimate="false" is-current="false" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
        <name-status-group>
          <identifier doi="10.1601/nm.3248" nomenclatural-type-exemplar="10.1601/ex.3176" rank="species" taxon-doi="10.1601/tx.3248">Pectobacterium betavasculorum</identifier>
          <authority>(Thomson et al. 1984) Gardan et al. 2003</authority>
          <status candidatus="false" conserved="false" current-name="Pectobacterium betavasculorum" current-name-doi="10.1601/nm.3248" illegitimate="false" is-current="true" rejected="false" revived="false" status-code="VP" />
        </name-status-group>
      </nomenclature>
      <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
        <reference id="rid.6818">
          <citation citation-type="journal">
            <authors>
              <person-name>
                <surname>Gardan</surname>
                <given-names>L.</given-names>
              </person-name>
              <person-name>
                <surname>Gouy</surname>
                <given-names>C.</given-names>
              </person-name>
              <person-name>
                <surname>Christen</surname>
                <given-names>R.</given-names>
              </person-name>
              <person-name>
                <surname>Samson</surname>
                <given-names>R.</given-names>
              </person-name>
            </authors>
            <article-title>Elevation of three subspecies of Pectobacterium carotovorum to species level: Pectobacterium atrosepticum sp. nov., Pectobacterium betavasculorum sp. nov. and Pectobacterium wasabiae sp. nov.</article-title>
            <year>2003</year>
            <volume>53</volume>
            <issue>2</issue>
            <fpage>381</fpage>
            <lpage>391</lpage>
            <source id="117">International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology</source>
            <abbrev>Int J Syst Evol Microbiol</abbrev>
            <issn>1466-5026</issn>
            <essn>1466-5034</essn>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/ijs.0.02423-0</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">12710602</pub-id>
          </citation>
        </reference>
        <reference id="rid.2713">
          <citation citation-type="journal">
            <authors>
              <person-name>
                <surname>List Editor</surname>
                <given-names />
              </person-name>
            </authors>
            <article-title>Validation List no. 68.  Validation of publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB.</article-title>
            <year>1999</year>
            <volume>49</volume>
            <issue>1</issue>
            <fpage>1</fpage>
            <lpage>3</lpage>
            <source id="116">International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology</source>
            <abbrev>Int J Syst Bacteriol</abbrev>
            <issn>0020-7713</issn>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1099/00207713-49-1-1</pub-id>
          </citation>
        </reference>
      </bibliography>
      <annotation xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
        <snapshot date="2024-04-22" date-formatted="April 22, 2024" time="14:50:31" time-formatted="14:50 PM" />
        <modified curator="Dorothea Rohlfs" date="2010-01-04" date-formatted="January 4, 2010" time="11:18:18" time-formatted="11:18 AM" />
        <created curator="Dorothea Rohlfs" date="2009-12-02" date-formatted="December 2, 2009" time="11:43:23" time-formatted="11:43 AM" />
      </annotation>
    </exemplar>
  </exemplars>
  <bibliography xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/reference">
    <reference id="rid.3548">
      <citation citation-type="journal">
        <authors>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Hauben</surname>
            <given-names>L.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Moore</surname>
            <given-names>E.R.B.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Vauterin</surname>
            <given-names>L.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Steenackers</surname>
            <given-names>M.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Mergaert</surname>
            <given-names>J.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Verdonck</surname>
            <given-names>L.</given-names>
          </person-name>
          <person-name>
            <surname>Swings</surname>
            <given-names>J.</given-names>
          </person-name>
        </authors>
        <article-title>Phylogenetic position of phytopathogens within the Enterobacteriaceae</article-title>
        <year>1998</year>
        <volume>21</volume>
        <issue>3</issue>
        <fpage>384</fpage>
        <lpage>397</lpage>
        <source id="121">Systematic and Applied Microbiology</source>
        <abbrev>Syst Appl Microbiol</abbrev>
        <issn>0723-2020</issn>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/S0723-2020(98)80048-9</pub-id>
        <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9779605</pub-id>
      </citation>
    </reference>
  </bibliography>
  <annotation xmlns="http://namesforlife.com/ns/common">
    <snapshot date="2024-04-22" date-formatted="April 22, 2024" time="14:50:31" time-formatted="14:50 PM" />
    <modified curator="Sarah Wigley" date="2008-11-25" date-formatted="November 25, 2008" time="15:16:27" time-formatted="15:16 PM" />
    <created curator="Sarah Wigley" date="2008-11-25" date-formatted="November 25, 2008" time="15:16:27" time-formatted="15:16 PM" />
  </annotation>
</taxon>
