Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Universal Root Woese et al. 1990 Bacteria (None 2015) Woese et al. 1990 Proteobacteria (sic) Garrity et al. 2021 Pseudomonadota corrig. Garrity et al. 2021 Alphaproteobacteriota (sic) Garrity et al. 2021 Alphaproteobacteria Garrity et al. 2006 Rickettsiales Gieszczykiewicz 1939 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Dumler et al. 2001 Anaplasmataceae Philip 1957 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Dumler et al. 2001 Anaplasma Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Dumler et al. 2001 Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Anaplasma Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Dumler et al. 2001 Anaplasma ovis Lestoquard 1924 (Approved Lists 1980) Anaplasma phagocytophilum corrig. (Foggie 1949) Dumler et al. 2001 Anaplasma phagocytophila (sic) (Foggie 1949) Dumler et al. 2001 Anaplasma centrale (ex Theiler 1911) Ristic and Kreier 1984 emend. Khumalo et al. 2018 Anaplasma caudatum Ristic and Kreier 1984 Anaplasma bovis Dumler et al. 2001 Anaplasma platys Dumler et al. 2001 Anaplasma capra Li et al. 2015 Anaplasma corsicanum Dahmani et al. 2017 Anaplasma mediterraneum Dahmani et al. 2017 Anaplasma ivorensis (sic) Ehounoud et al. 2016 Anaplasma ivorense corrig. Ehounoud et al. 2016 Anaplasma boleense Guo et al. 2016 Anaplasma rodmosense Guo et al. 2016 Anaplasma camelii (sic) Bastos et al. 2015 Anaplasma cameli corrig. Bastos et al. 2015 Anaplasma sphenisci Vanstreels et al. 2018 Anaplasma africae Dahmani et al. 2019 Anaplasma marginale centrale Ristic and Kreier 1974 Anaplasma marginale marginale (Theiler 1910) Ristic and Kreier 1974 Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Liolios K. Chen I.M. Mavromatis K. Tavernarakis N. Hugenholtz P. Markowitz V.M. Kyrpides N.C. The Genomes On Line Database (GOLD) in 2009: status of genomic and metagenomic projects and their associated metadata 2010 38 D346 354 Nucleic Acids Research Nucleic Acids Res. 0305-1048 1362-4962 10.1093/nar/gkp848 19914934 Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Liolios K. Chen I.M. Mavromatis K. Tavernarakis N. Hugenholtz P. Markowitz V.M. Kyrpides N.C. The Genomes On Line Database (GOLD) in 2009: status of genomic and metagenomic projects and their associated metadata 2010 38 D346 354 Nucleic Acids Research Nucleic Acids Res. 0305-1048 1362-4962 10.1093/nar/gkp848 19914934 Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Liolios K. Chen I.M. Mavromatis K. Tavernarakis N. Hugenholtz P. Markowitz V.M. Kyrpides N.C. The Genomes On Line Database (GOLD) in 2009: status of genomic and metagenomic projects and their associated metadata 2010 38 D346 354 Nucleic Acids Research Nucleic Acids Res. 0305-1048 1362-4962 10.1093/nar/gkp848 19914934 Isolated from Bos taurus (cattle) blood. Not to be confused with Ehrlichia canis str. Oklahoma (T). Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Dark M.J. Herndon D.R. Kappmeyer L.S. Gonzales M.P. Nordeen E. Palmer G.H. Knowles D.P. Brayton K.A. Conservation in the face of diversity: multistrain analysis of an intracellular bacterium 2009 10 16 BMC Genomics 1471-2164 10.1186/1471-2164-10-16 19134224 Liolios K. Chen I.M. Mavromatis K. Tavernarakis N. Hugenholtz P. Markowitz V.M. Kyrpides N.C. The Genomes On Line Database (GOLD) in 2009: status of genomic and metagenomic projects and their associated metadata 2010 38 D346 354 Nucleic Acids Research Nucleic Acids Res. 0305-1048 1362-4962 10.1093/nar/gkp848 19914934 Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Liolios K. Chen I.M. Mavromatis K. Tavernarakis N. Hugenholtz P. Markowitz V.M. Kyrpides N.C. The Genomes On Line Database (GOLD) in 2009: status of genomic and metagenomic projects and their associated metadata 2010 38 D346 354 Nucleic Acids Research Nucleic Acids Res. 0305-1048 1362-4962 10.1093/nar/gkp848 19914934 Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Khumalo Z.T.H. Brayton K.A. Collins N.E. Chaisi M.E. Quan M. Oosthuizen M.C. Evidence confirming the phylogenetic position of Anaplasma centrale (ex Theiler 1911) Ristic and Kreier 1984. 2018 68 8 2682 2691 International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 1466-5026 1466-5034 10.1099/ijsem.0.002832 29916800 Liolios K. Chen I.M. Mavromatis K. Tavernarakis N. Hugenholtz P. Markowitz V.M. Kyrpides N.C. The Genomes On Line Database (GOLD) in 2009: status of genomic and metagenomic projects and their associated metadata 2010 38 D346 354 Nucleic Acids Research Nucleic Acids Res. 0305-1048 1362-4962 10.1093/nar/gkp848 19914934 Brayton K.A. Kappmeyer L.S. Herndon D.R. Dark M.J. Tibbals D.L. Palmer G.H. McGuire T.C. Knowles D.P. Complete genome sequencing of Anaplasma marginale reveals that the surface is skewed to two superfamilies of outer membrane proteins 2004 102 844 849 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 0027-8424 1091-6490 10.1073/pnas.0406656102 15618402 Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Anaplasma marginale marginale (Theiler 1910) Ristic and Kreier 1974 centrale Anaplasma centrale (ex Theiler 1911) Ristic and Kreier 1984 emend. Khumalo et al. 2018 Anaplasma marginale centrale Ristic and Kreier 1974 Anaplasma marginale Theiler 1910 (Approved Lists 1980) Theiler A. Further investigations into anaplasmosis of South African cattle 1911 1 7 46 Reports of the Director of Veterinary Education and Research Rep Dir Vet Res On 7/17/2018 5:44 PM, Brayton, Kelly A. <kbrayton@wsu.edu> wrote: > Hello Chuck, > > It turns out that Anaplasma centrale was classified as a separate > species due to an erroneous interpretation of Arnold Thieler's > description. Thieler called it Anaplasma marginale variety centale... My > mentor (Guy Palmer) said that "variety" was an archaic term, equivalent > to subspecies, and so our group at WSU referred to this species as a > subspecies. Guy maintained that it had never been formally recognized > as anything else. > > However, when we started the attached paper, we learned differently, and > we have tried to set the record straight. Also, as we have collected > more molecular evidence, I came around to seeing this as more distinct > from other A. marginale strains. > > So, at one stage we were hoping to do a study of how the "original" > Thieler isolate had changed over the years and we attempted to obtain it > from places it had been sent (It was sent from South Africa to Israel in > the 1950s). My understanding is that everyplace has lost their isolate > at some point (including South Africa), and reisolated it from their > vaccine production system... however, I do not have specifics about the > exact lineage. > > I hope this helps with what you are looking for. > > Best, > > Kelly There is currently no in vitro culture system for Anaplasma centrale strains. This type exemplar refers to a pathogenic isolate from the blood of an eighteen month old heifer from Aliwal North, South Africa (December 7, 1909) identified as 'Heifer 906' (Theiler 1911, p. 19). This isolate was sent to laboratories in several countries (South Africa to Israel in the 1950s), and served as the basis for vaccine strains (including 'Israel vaccine strain'), but is now thought to have been lost. Extant strains have been re-isolated from vaccine production systems. (Brayton, KA. Personal communication, July 2018). Theiler A. Anaplasma marginale (gen. and spec. nov.). The marginal points in the blood of cattle suffering from a specific disease 1910 7 64 Report to the Government, Transvaal, South Africa. Veterinary Bacteriology, Department of Agriculture 1908-9 Ristic M. Kreier J.P. Buchanan R.E. Gibbons N.E. Genus I. Anaplasma Theiler 1910, 7 1974 8 907 908 Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology The Williams and Wilkins Co. Baltimore 0683011170