Looking at Lithium: Molecular Moods and Complex Behaviour

The extracellular signal–dependent Akt regulation of glycogen synthase kinase function. Extracellular signals through RTK and GPCR activate phosphoinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), which converts PIP₂ to PIP₃ and directs Akt to the plasma membrane via interaction of its PH domain with PIP₃. Akt is then activated by phosphorylation by phosphatidylinositol dependent kinase-(PDK)-1 and -2. Akt can then phosphorylate a series of cellular substrates. See text for details.