Taxon DOI
10.1601/tx.5062
Name
 Heyndrickx et al. 1998 emend. Heyrman et al. 2003
Taxonomic Rank
genus
Methodology
Nomenclatural Taxonomy [1980-2022]
Incertae sedis taxa are placed using SOSCC (Garrity and Lilburn 2008)
Parent
Taxon RecordName Record
Peshkoff 1939 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Gupta and Patel 2019
Members
(Proom and Knight 1950) Heyndrickx et al. 1998 emend. Heyndrickx et al. 1999
Amziane et al. 2017
Zhang et al. 2013
Kim et al. 2011
Niederberger et al. 2009
Yoon et al. 2010
Lee et al. 2012
Heyrman et al. 2003
Wang et al. 2008
Yoon et al. 2005
Zhang et al. 2016
(Denariaz et al. 1989) Yoon et al. 2004
An et al. 2007
Seiler and Wenning 2013
Xu et al. 2018
Sundararaman et al. 2017
Daroonpunt et al. 2016
Chen et al. 2008
Oh et al. 2021
Lee et al. 2006
Chen et al. 2012
(Arahal et al. 1999) Heyrman et al. 2003
Amziane et al. 2016
Heyrman et al. 2003
Yin et al. 2015
Quesada et al. 2007
Tak et al. 2018
Heyrman et al. 2003
Xu et al. 2018
Heyndrickx et al. 1999
Hua et al. 2008
(Garabito et al. 1997) Heyrman et al. 2003
Carrasco et al. 2009
Chen et al. 2009
Tanasupawat et al. 2011
Kämpfer et al. 2011
Wang et al. 2010
Jeon et al. 2010
Peng et al. 2009
Type Status
Taxonomy
The taxonomic placement of this genus within the root Universal Root.
  Woese et al. 1990
  (None 2015) Woese et al. 1990
  (sic) Gibbons and Murray 2021
  Ludwig et al. 2010
  Peshkoff 1939 (Approved Lists 1980)
  Peshkoff 1939 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Gupta and Patel 2019
  Heyndrickx et al. 1998 emend. Heyrman et al. 2003

The taxonomy from the rank of class and below is based upon currently published taxonomic opinion. For a complete taxonomy, refer to The Taxonomic Outline of Bacteria and Archaea, Release 7.7.
Citation
When referring to this Abstract, please use its Digital Object Identifier.
Taxon Abstract for the genus Virgibacillus Heyndrickx et al. 1998 emend. Heyrman et al. 2003. Retrieved . https://doi.org/10.1601/tx.5062.
Source File
This information was last reviewed on January 15, 2021.

References

  1. Zhang Y-J, Zhou Y, Ja M, Shi R, Chun-Yu W-X, Yang L-L, Tang S-K, Li W-J. Virgibacillus albus sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from Lop Nur salt lake in Xinjiang province, China. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2012; 102:553-560. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-012-9750-y [PubMed].
  2. Amziane M, Metiaz F, Darenfed-Bouanane A, Djenane Z, Selama O, Abderrahmani A, Cayol J-L, Fardeau M-L. Virgibacillus natechei sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from sediment of a saline lake in southwest of Algeria. Curr Microbiol 2013; 66:462-466. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-012-0300-7 [PubMed].
  3. Seiler H, Wenning M. Virgibacillus halotolerans sp. nov., isolated from a dairy product. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:3358-3363. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.051565-0 [PubMed].
  4. Carrasco IJ, Márquez MC, Ventosa A. Virgibacillus salinus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from sediment of a saline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:3068-3073. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.009530-0 [PubMed].
  5. Lee JS, Lim JM, Lee KC, Lee JC, Park YH, Kim CJ. Virgibacillus koreensis sp. nov., a novel bacterium from a salt field, and transfer of Virgibacillus picturae to the genus Oceanobacillus as Oceanobacillus picturae comb. nov. with emended descriptions. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2006; 56:251-257. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63734-0 [PubMed].
  6. Chen YG, Cui XL, Fritze D, Chai LH, Schumann P, Wen ML, Wang YX, Xu LH, Jiang CL. Virgibacillus kekensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:647-653. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.65365-0 [PubMed].
  7. Yoon JH, Kang SJ, Lee SY, Lee MH, Oh TK. Virgibacillus dokdonensis sp. nov., isolated from a Korean island, Dokdo, located at the edge of the East Sea in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2005; 55:1833-1837. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63613-0 [PubMed].
  8. Kämpfer P, Arun AB, Busse H-J, Langer S, Young C-C, Chen W-M, Syed AA, Rekha PD. Virgibacillus soli sp. nov., isolated from mountain soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 61:275-280. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.020974-0 [PubMed].
  9. Zhang D-C, Schumann P, Wu J, França L, Neuner K, Margesin R. Virgibacillus flavescens sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:1138-1143. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.000846 [PubMed].
  10. Logan NA, De Vos P. Family I. Bacillaceae fam. nov. In: De Vos P, Garrity G, Jones D, Krieg NR, Ludwig W, Rainey FA, Schleifer KH, Whitman WB (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second Edition, Volume 3, Springer-Verlag, New York, 2009, p. 20.
  11. Gupta RS, Patel S. Robust Demarcation of the Family Caryophanaceae (Planococcaceae) and Its Different Genera Including Three Novel Genera Based on Phylogenomics and Highly Specific Molecular Signatures. Front. Microbio. 2019; 10:2821-2821. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02821 [PubMed].
  12. Niederberger TD, Steven B, Charvet S, Barbier B, Whyte LG. Virgibacillus arcticus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, endospore-forming bacterium from permafrost in the Canadian high Arctic. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:2219-2225. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.002931-0 [PubMed].
  13. Lee S-Y, Kang C-H, Oh T-K, Yoon J-H. Virgibacillus campisalis sp. nov., from a marine solar saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2012; 62:347-351. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.033084-0 [PubMed].
  14. Heyndrickx M, Lebbe L, Kersters K, De Vos P, Forsyth G, Logan NA. Virgibacillus: a new genus to accommodate Bacillus pantothenticus (Proom and Knight 1950). Emended description of Virgibacillus pantothenticus. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1998; 48:99-106. https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-48-1-99.
  15. Heyndrickx M, Lebbe L, Kersters K, Hoste B, De Wachter R, De Vos P, Forsyth G, Logan NA. Proposal of Virgibacillus proomii sp. nov. and emended description of Virgibacillus pantothenticus (Proom and Knight 1950) Heyndrickx et al. 1998. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49:1083-1090. https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-49-3-1083 [PubMed].
  16. Chen Y-G, Liu Z-X, Peng D-J, Zhang Y-Q, Wang Y-X, Tang S-K, Li W-J, Cui X-L, Liu Y-Q. Virgibacillus litoralis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from saline soil. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2009; 96:323-329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-009-9349-0 [PubMed].
  17. Yoon J-H, Kang S-J, Jung Y-T, Lee KC, Oh HW, Oh T-K. Virgibacillus byunsanensis sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:291-295. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.009837-0 [PubMed].
  18. Heyrman J, Logan NA, Busse HJ, Balcaen A, Lebbe L, Rodriguez-Diaz M, Swings J, De Vos P. Virgibacillus carmonensis sp. nov., Virgibacillus necropolis sp. nov. and Virgibacillus picturae sp. nov., three novel species isolated from deteriorated mural paintings, transfer of the species of the genus salibacillus to Virgibacillus, as Virgibacillus marismortui comb. nov. and Virgibacillus salexigens comb. nov., and emended description of the genus Virgibacillus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:501-511. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.02371-0 [PubMed].
  19. Wang CY, Chang CC, Ng CC, Chen TW, Shyu YT. Virgibacillus chiguensis sp. nov., a novel halophilic bacterium isolated from Chigu, a previously commercial saltern located in southern Taiwan. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:341-345. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.64996-0 [PubMed].
  20. Sundararaman A, Srinivasan S, Lee J-H, Lee S-S. Virgibacillus jeotgali sp. nov., isolated from Myeolchi-jeotgal, a traditional Korean high-salt-fermented anchovy. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:158-163. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.001596 [PubMed].
  21. Peng Q-Z, Chen J, Zhang Y-Q, Chen Q-H, Peng D-J, Cui X-L, Li W-J, Chen Y-G. Virgibacillus zhanjiangensis sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from sea water. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2009; 96:645-652. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-009-9381-0 [PubMed].
  22. Tak EJ, Kim HS, Lee J-Y, Kang W, Sung H, Kim PS, Hyun D-W, Shin N-R, Roh JR, Park SD, Shim HE, Bae J-W. Virgibacillus phasianinus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from faeces of a Swinhoe's pheasant, Lophura swinhoii. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:1190-1196. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.002650 [PubMed].
  23. Xu B, Hu B, Wang J, Lan Y, Zhu Y, Dai X, Huang L, Huang Y, Du W. Virgibacillus indicus sp. nov. and Virgibacillus profundi sp. nov, two moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from marine sediment by using microfluidic streak plates. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:2015-2023. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.002782 [PubMed].
  24. Yin X, Yang Y, Wang S, Zhang G. Virgibacillus oceani sp. nov. isolated from ocean sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:159-164. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.068213-0 [PubMed].
  25. An SY, Asahara M, Goto K, Kasai H, Yokota A. Virgibacillus halophilus sp. nov., spore-forming bacteria isolated from soil in Japan. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2007; 57:1607-1611. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.64307-0 [PubMed].
  26. Wang X, Xue Y, Ma Y. Virgibacillus subterraneus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic Gram-positive bacterium isolated from subsurface saline soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:2763-2767. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.019554-0 [PubMed].
  27. Daroonpunt R, Tanasupawat S, Kudo T, Ohkuma M, Itoh T. Virgibacillus kapii sp. nov., isolated from Thai shrimp paste (Ka-pi). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:1832-1837. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.000951 [PubMed].
  28. Chen Y-G, Cui X-L, Wang Y-X, Zhang Y-Q, Tang S-K, Li W-J, Liu Z-X, Wen M-L, Peng Q. Virgibacillus sediminis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:2058-2063. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.003624-0 [PubMed].
  29. Hua NP, Hamza-Chaffai A, Vreeland RH, Isoda H, Naganuma T. Virgibacillus salarius sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a Saharan salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:2409-2414. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.65693-0 [PubMed].
  30. Oh YJ, Jang J-Y, Lim SK, Kwon M-S, Lee J, Kim N, Shin M-Y, Park HK, Seo M-J, Choi H-J. Virgibacillus kimchii sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from kimchi. J Microbiol 2017; 55:933-938. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-7386-3 [PubMed].
  31. Tanasupawat S, Chamroensaksri N, Kudo T, Itoh T. Identification of moderately halophilic bacteria from Thai fermented fish ( pla-ra ) and proposal of Virgibacillus siamensis. J Gen Appl Microbiol 2010; 56:369-379. https://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.56.369 [PubMed].
  32. Kim J, Jung M-J, Roh SW, Nam Y-D, Shin K-S, Bae J-W. Virgibacillus alimentarius sp. nov., isolated from a traditional Korean food. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 61:2851-2855. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.028191-0 [PubMed].
  33. Yoon JH, Oh TK, Park YH. Transfer of Bacillus halodenitrificans Denariaz et al. 1989 to the genus Virgibacillus as Virgibacillus halodenitrificans comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:2163-2167. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63196-0 [PubMed].
  34. Amziane M, Darenfed-Bouanane A, Abderrahmani A, Selama O, Jouadi L, Cayol J-L, Nateche F, Fardeau M-L. Virgibacillus ainsalahensis sp. nov., a Moderately Halophilic Bacterium Isolated from Sediment of a Saline Lake in South of Algeria. Curr Microbiol 2017; 74:219-223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-016-1171-0 [PubMed].
  35. Jeon CO, Kim JM, Park D-J, Xu L-H, Jiang C-L, Kim C-J. Virgibacillus xinjiangensis sp. nov., isolated from a Salt Lake of Xin-jiang Province in China. J Microbiol 2009; 47:705-709. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-009-0107-9.
  36. Quesada T, Aguilera M, Morillo JA, Ramos-Cormenzana A, Monteoliva-Sánchez M. Virgibacillus olivae sp. nov., isolated from waste wash-water from processing of Spanish-style green olives. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2007; 57:906-910. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.64550-0 [PubMed].